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Marcellus shale development, respiratory & reproductive outcomes in Pennsylvania

马塞勒斯页岩开发，呼吸

基本信息

批准号：
8622523
负责人：
BRIAN Seth SCHWARTZ
金额：
$ 23.17万
依托单位：
GEISINGER CLINIC
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-12-18 至 2015-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8622523
关键词：
Accounting Acid Rain Address Affect Air Pollutants Air Pollution Area Asthma Back Birth Burn injury Clinical Clinical Data Coal Cohort Analysis County Data Data Sources Deposition Development Diagnosis Diesel Exhaust Distant Economic Development Electronic Health Record Environmental Health Epidemiologic Studies Evaluation Event Excision Exposure to Force of Gravity Fossil Fuels Fracture Funding Mechanisms Gases Geographic Information Systems Growth Health Health Personnel Health Planning Health system Healthcare Home environment Individual Industry Island Joints Laboratory Procedures Life Link Liquid substance Location Low Birth Weight Infant Marketing Measures Mercury Metric Modeling Mothers Natural Gas Nuclear Oils Outcome Outcome Measure Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Pennsylvania Petroleum Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Policy Maker Pollution Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Prenatal care Prevalence Primary Health Care Process Production Public Health Pump Recording of previous events Reporting Research Research Infrastructure Resource Development Risk Services Source Speed Surface Technology Testing Time Water Water Pollutants Work base case control density experience exposed human population greenhouse gases ground water indexing innovation operation pollutant population health public health relevance reproductive residence respiratory soil pollution spatial temporal variation volatile organic compound

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract The history of economic development is intimately linked to growth in the use of energy, largely in the form of fossil fuels, with resultant environmental and public health impacts. Many of these impacts have not been evaluated until decades after the damage has been done. Natural gas has been promoted as a cleaner burning fossil fuel with less greenhouse gas emissions. Advances in drilling technologies and the use of hydraulic fracturing allow the exploitation of natural gas in deep deposits of shale. Many US shale regions have been aggressively developed in the last decade. As a result, environmental and health concerns have been expressed regarding surface water, ground water, soil pollution, and air pollution. The speed, magnitude and scale of these activities motivate health studies now, yet almost nothing has been done to address shale development and health. By examining health patterns in relation to location and timing of well activities, we can begin to determine whether there are identifiable health effects associated with any aspect of the industry. The Geisinger Health System is a large integrated health care provider and health plan that is a leader in health care innovation. It provides primary care services to over 400,000 patients in a primary market of over 35 counties in central and northeastern Pennsylvania. It has had an electronic health record (EHR) since 2001, allowing access to longitudinal data on clinical encounters with rich and detailed health information. Its primary market overlaps with the Marcellus region in Pennsylvania. We will build on years of joint experience between Geisinger and Johns Hopkins in using EHR data, clinical outcome measures, geographic information systems (GIS), and the use of secondary data sources for environmental assessment, to examine pregnancy and asthma outcomes in relation to Marcellus shale development. While isolating cause and effect linkages would require more detailed study, we can conduct an efficient and comprehensive evaluation of whether any potential pathways are related to adverse health outcomes. We will study approximately 30,000 Geisinger asthma patients and 22,000 births to mothers with Geisinger prenatal care during the study period 2006-13, proximal to and distant from areas of shale development, with events across the period prior to drilling, during well development, and during natural gas production. We will geocode patient addresses; use GIS and well completion and infrastructure data to derive indices of exposure at the home residence; and then determine whether exposure is associated with pregnancy and asthma outcomes. The proposed research draws on existing data on well development and health, a logical starting point to guide more focused studies of specific pollutant pathways. By evaluating health outcomes in relation to temporal and spatial aspects of well development, all of the many candidate agents and pathways resulting in human exposure are incorporated. Such a study can provide critical information to focus future research, guide policy makers, and ultimately help to protect the health of populations in the region.

项目总结/文摘