Dual-Biofilm Reactive Barrier for Treatment of Chlorinated Benzenes at Anaerobic-

用于在厌氧条件下处理氯化苯的双生物膜反应屏障

• 批准号: 8757453
• 负责人: Edward Bouwer
• 金额: $ 16万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-10 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8757453
• 关键词: Address; Aerobic; Aerobic Bacteria; Affect; Amendment; Bacteria; Benzene; Biodegradation; Biological Availability; Bioremediations; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carcinogens; Chlorobenzene; Communities; Compost; Effectiveness; Electron Microscopy; Environment; Environment and Public Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Goals; Growth; Hazardous Waste Sites; Health; Human; In Situ; Inorganic Sulfates; Kinetics; Laboratories; Liquid substance; Methods; Microbial Biofilms; Nature; Nitrates; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase; Population; Process; Research; Research Design; Risk; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Series; Shock; Site; Soil; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Surface; System; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Unspecified or Sulfate Ion Sulfates; Validation; Water; Work; analytical method; aqueous; chlorobenzene; dechlorination; drinking water; feeding; innovation; innovative technologies; microbial; microbial community; microorganism; organic contaminant; performance site; remediation; research study; superfund site; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project comprises mechanistic research to assess the biogeochemical interactions that affect bioavailability of chlorinated benzenes (CBs) during in situ remediation of CB-contaminated groundwater and sediments using a dual-biofilm barrier approach. The dual-biofilm barrier innovatively combines both an anaerobic dehalogenating consortia and aerobic oxidizing bacteria, seeded on granular activated carbon (GAC), to achieve complete transformation of higher chlorinated benzenes to carbon dioxide, which otherwise commonly stalls at formation of monochlorobenzene and benzene upon reductive dechlorination of higher chlorinated benzenes. The overall goals of this proposed project are to further the scientific and technical advancement of this innovative technology and to demonstrate its effectiveness in protecting ecological and human health by treating contaminants in situ and reducing their mass flux to surface water or in subsurface plumes that are potential drinking water sources. Laboratory and field tests will be conducted using a Superfund site where dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) CB contamination is present in wetland sediments and groundwater, and preliminary studies have been performed on the contaminant distribution and degradation processes. The effectiveness of this biobarrier technology to serve as a long-term remedy at this Superfund site and other hazardous waste sites depends on several factors, including biogeochemical interactions and dynamics with the biofilm, other biobarrier components, the underlying sediment, and the inflowing groundwater. These factors will be investigated through studies designed to address five specific aims: (i) determine the stability and effectiveness of aerobic and anaerobic biofilms on GAC through microcosm experiments under shock loading conditions and employing electron microscopy and surface spectroscopy to characterize the surfaces; (ii) examine the interactions between unseeded GAC and the site matrix (sediment and water) in batch experiments to assess contaminant sorption / desorption kinetics by utilizing aqueous phase speciation and surface characterization methods; (iii) investigate biodegradation processes and rates of CBs in replicate upflow column experiments that compare unseeded GAC to GAC seeded with only an anaerobic culture and both the aerobic and anaerobic cultures to assess the dual-biofilm effectiveness in treating CBs; (iv) assess the impacts of different electron acceptors and other biogeochemical conditions on degradation rates of CBs in upflow column experiments to establish conditions that optimize barrier efficiency and performance; (v) evaluate on-site performance of the dual-biofilm barrier through field tests to determine biofilm effectiveness and sustainability over a multi-year period under realistic hydrologic and biogeochemical dynamics and environmental conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目包括机械研究，以评估在现场补救CB污染的地下水和沉积物的原位补救期间，使用双二型生物膜屏障的方法来评估氯化苯甲酸苯甲部（CBS）的生物利用度。双生物膜屏障在创新性地结合了厌氧的去解和群和有氧氧化细菌，并在颗粒状活化碳（GAC）上播种，以完全转化较高的氯苯甲酸苯甲酸苯甲酸苯甲酸苯甲酸苯甲酸碳二氧化碳，否则通常在较高的苯甲酸氯氯苯和苯甲酸方面形成了较高的苯甲酸苯二氧化碳。该拟议项目的总体目标是进一步进一步发展这项创新技术的科学和技术进步，并通过治疗原位治疗污染物，并将其质量助焊剂减少到地表水或潜在的饮用水源的地下李子中，以证明其在保护生态和人类健康方面的有效性。实验室和现场测试将使用超级基金部位进行，在湿地沉积物和地下水中存在密集的非水相（DNAPL）CB污染，并就污染物分布和退化过程进行了初步研究。这种生物载体技术在此超级基金地点和其他有害废物站点的长期补救措施中的有效性取决于几个因素，包括生物地球化学相互作用和与生物膜，其他生物载体组件，潜在的沉积物，以及流入的地下水的动态。这些因素将通过旨在解决五个具体目的的研究研究：（i）确定有氧和厌氧生物膜通过在冲击载荷条件下通过缩影实验在GAC上的稳定性和有效性，并采用电子显微镜和表面光谱验证以表征表面； （ii）在批处理实验中检查未种子GAC与位点基质（沉积物和水）之间的相互作用，以通过利用水相形成和表面表征方法来评估污染物吸附 /解吸动力学； （iii）研究在复制上流柱实验中CBS的生物降解过程和速率，这些实验将无种子GAC与仅用厌氧培养物种子的GAC进行了比较，以及有氧和厌氧培养物，以评估双二二叶膜在处理CBS方面的双生型效率； （iv）评估不同电子受体和其他生物地球化学条件对CBS在上流柱实验中的降解率的影响，以确定优化屏障效率和性能的条件； （v）通过现场测试评估双生物膜屏障的现场性能，以确定在现实的水文和生物地球化学动力学和环境条件下，在多年内确定生物膜有效性和可持续性。