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Investigating the physical and chemical controls on aerobic methane oxidation

研究好氧甲烷氧化的物理和化学控制

基本信息

批准号：
2241873
负责人：
John Kessler
金额：
$ 44.39万
依托单位：
University of Rochester
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-02-01 至 2026-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2241873&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Investigating physical chemical controls aerobic

项目摘要

This project will study the variables that control the oxidation of methane in oxygenated natural waters. Methane is an important greenhouse gas. Oceans are often viewed as having the potential to release large amounts of methane to the atmosphere with warming. However, current emissions of methane from the sea surface to the atmosphere are relatively low. Local studies have shown that aerobic oxidation of methane in these natural waters helps to remove methane prior to emission. However, estimating this removal has been challenging for two reasons. First, methane oxidation measurements from different laboratories do not always agree. Second, different national conditions change the rates of aerobic methane oxidation. This project will solve these problems. This work will help determine the global importance of this methane sink, predict how methane oxidation rates will change in the future, and establish measurement protocols for greater comparability of results. Additionally, this project will engage a cohort of undergraduate students. These students will be taught oceanographic research methods centered around this project. Also, they will be coached on how to develop their own scientific interests, hypotheses, and experimental plans. Then, these students will be given the opportunity to join the research cruise associated with this work where they will enact their own experimental plans. Past participants of this program have contributed to 5 scientific publications, and 12 students have gone on to highly competitive graduate programs. This project will be accomplished through a combination of systematic laboratory experiments and environmental measurements. Investigations on the US Great Lakes and at sea along the US Atlantic Margin will be conducted to evaluate the steady-state and non-steady-state chemical kinetics of aerobic methane oxidation. This project will test the hypothesis that water temperature and methane concentration are the dominant variables governing aerobic methane oxidation with other variables of dissolved oxygen and nutrient concentrations contributing secondary influences. At the conclusion of this work, a relatively simple model will be established combining water temperature and substrate concentration(s) to predict rates of methane oxidation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本项目将研究控制含氧天然沃茨中甲烷氧化的变量。甲烷是一种重要的温室气体。海洋通常被认为有可能随着变暖向大气中释放大量甲烷。然而，目前从海面向大气排放的甲烷相对较低。本地的研究显示，甲烷在这些天然沃茨中进行有氧氧化，有助在排放前将甲烷清除。然而，由于两个原因，估计这种去除具有挑战性。首先，来自不同实验室的甲烷氧化测量值并不总是一致的。第二，不同的国情改变了甲烷好氧氧化的速率。该项目将解决这些问题。这项工作将有助于确定这一甲烷汇的全球重要性，预测甲烷氧化率在未来将如何变化，并建立测量协议，以提高结果的可比性。此外，该项目将吸引一批本科生。这些学生将被教导围绕这个项目的海洋学研究方法。此外，他们将被教导如何发展自己的科学兴趣，假设和实验计划。然后，这些学生将有机会参加与这项工作相关的研究巡航，在那里他们将制定自己的实验计划。该计划的过去参与者为5个科学出版物做出了贡献，12名学生继续参加竞争激烈的研究生课程。该项目将通过系统的实验室实验和环境测量相结合的方式完成。将对美国五大湖和美国大西洋边缘沿着的海洋进行调查，以评估有氧甲烷氧化的稳态和非稳态化学动力学。本项目将检验以下假设：水温和甲烷浓度是控制好氧甲烷氧化的主要变量，溶解氧和营养物浓度等其他变量起次要影响作用。在这项工作的结论，一个相对简单的模型将建立结合水温和基板浓度（S）预测甲烷氧化率。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。