Identification and annotation of 3' UTR ends using RNA-seq data

描述(申请人提供)：当一个基因被激活时，它被从DNA复制(“转录”)到一串称为信使RNA(信使RNA)的分子中。每个mRNA的中间部分编码被翻译成相应蛋白质序列的信息；两端被称为非翻译区(UTRs)，扮演着许多其他重要的角色。这一建议涉及到信使核糖核酸的末端，也就是众所周知的3‘非编码区，它有助于调节信使核糖核酸的稳定性和位置以及相应蛋白质的生成量。一个给定的mRNA转录结束的点是由一个称为多聚腺苷酸化位点的序列的存在决定的。有些基因有不止一个这样的位点，这意味着可能有两种或两种以上不同形式的相应mRNA，具有不同的3‘UTRs，因此活性水平也不同。不同的比例的变化 形式被认为有助于一系列疾病的发展，包括一些癌症。目前用于研究聚腺苷酸化的方法需要额外的一组实验，这是昂贵和缓慢的。然而，比罗尔博士和卡桑博士以及他们的团队已经获得了证据，证明多聚腺苷化可以与其他重要类型的转录调控一起研究，使用的数据已经作为标准分析的一部分进行了实验。这将使更多的实验室能够负担得起多聚腺苷酸化位点的研究，并将增加现有数据的价值。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): When a gene is activated, it is copied ("transcribed") from DNA into a string of molecules called a messenger RNA (mRNA). The middle section of each mRNA encodes the information that is translated into the corresponding protein sequence; the two ends, called untranslated regions (UTRs), play a number of other important roles. This proposal concerns the tail end of the mRNA, known as the 3' UTR, which helps to regulate the stability and location of the mRNA and the amount of the corresponding protein that is produced. The point at which the transcription of a given mRNA ends is determined by the presence of a sequence called a polyadenylation site. Some genes have more than one such site, meaning that there can be two or more different forms of the corresponding mRNA, with different 3' UTRs and therefore different levels of activity. Changes in the ratio of the different forms are thought to contribute to the development of a range of disorders, including some cancers. The methods currently used to study polyadenylation require an extra set of experiments to be run, which is expensive and slow. However, Drs. Birol and Karsan and their teams have obtained evidence that polyadenylation can be studied alongside other important types of transcriptional regulation, using data from experiments that are already performed as part of standard analysis. This will make studies of polyadenylation sites affordable by more laboratories, and will add value to existing data.