Building an Inter-Disciplinary Network on Culture and HIV Risk Perception

建立文化和艾滋病毒风险认知的跨学科网络

• 批准号: 8737312
• 负责人: David Patrick Kennedy
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-18 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8737312
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anthropology; Belief; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Consensus; Contracts; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Databases; Discipline; Elements; Emotional; Emotions; Familiarity; Family member; Friends; Goals; HIV; HIV risk; Health; Health behavior; Homelessness; Individual; Individual Differences; Institution; Interview; Knowledge; Life; Link; Los Angeles; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Outcome; Paper; Perception; Phase; Pilot Projects; Play; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychologist; Psychology; Publishing; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Research Technics; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sampling; Signs and Symptoms; Social Network; Techniques; Testing; Woman; Work; Writing; Youth; design; experience; graduate student; insight; interdisciplinary collaboration; meetings; men; novel; public health relevance; repository; risk perception; social; theories; tool; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is for a 2-year study to build an interdisciplinary network for research on the role of culture on risk perception and behavior - in particular the relationships among perceptions of health risks, social networks, and culture. Individuals perceive health risks through cognitive and emotional processes, but individual differences in risk perception are influenced by social experiences and cultural frames of reference. For example, sub-populations have differing levels of medical knowledge about HIV risk, and some groups may espouse lay theories about the origin, nature, and risk of HIV. Furthermore, individuals can be heavily influenced by the experiences of others in their social network, such as a friend or family member contracting HIV. Currently, separate lines of research address the role of individual experiences, social networks, and cultural processes in determining how individuals perceive the risk of various health outcomes and how this in turn conditions engagement in risky behaviors. This project will bring together anthropologists, psychologists, economists, and mathematicians to build interdisciplinary theory and methods that synthesize the individual, social, and cultural elements of risk perception. We will build thi collaborative network in multiple phases. First, we will conduct team-building meetings to introduce our previous research and to identify overlapping or complementary theory, methods and research questions. Our proposed network of researchers has produced a large body of published papers and primary data concerning the role of individual differences and individual experiences, social networks, and cultural dynamics in the determination of risk perception and risk behaviors (both with respect to HIV and other outcomes). We will focus on how to incorporate culture into studies that currently lack an adequate measure of cultural process as well as how to incorporate non-cultural elements into studies of culture. Next, we will build a repository of data sets from our existing studies and re-analyze these data in order to: 1) build familiarity of theories, methods and research questions across disciplines, and 2) generate novel hypotheses for future research. Then, we will collaboratively design and conduct a small mixed-method pilot study of the HIV risk beliefs and practices of homeless people living in Skid Row. The pilot project will be informed by insights generated through cross-disciplinary team conversations and secondary data analyses as well as our team's previous research on HIV risk behaviors, risk perceptions, and social networks among homeless men, women, and youth in Los Angeles. Finally, findings from this study as well as methods and theory developed will be disseminated to the wider academic community, and the project team will develop full research proposals building on the insights and tools developed from their collaborative work.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案是一项为期 2 年的研究，旨在建立一个跨学科网络，研究文化对风险认知和行为的作用，特别是健康风险认知、社交网络和文化之间的关系。个体通过认知和情感过程感知健康风险，但风险感知的个体差异受到社会经历和文化参考框架的影响。例如，不同人群对艾滋病毒风险的医学知识水平不同，一些群体可能拥护关于艾滋病毒的起源、性质和风险的非专业理论。此外，个人可能会受到社交网络中其他人的经历的严重影响，例如感染艾滋病毒的朋友或家人。目前，不同的研究领域探讨了个人经历、社交网络和文化过程在确定个人如何看待各种健康结果的风险以及这反过来又如何影响参与危险行为方面的作用。该项目将汇集人类学家、心理学家、经济学家和数学家，建立综合风险感知的个人、社会和文化要素的跨学科理论和方法。我们将分多个阶段建立这个协作网络。首先，我们将召开团队建设会议，介绍我们之前的研究，并确定重叠或互补的理论、方法和研究问题。我们提出的研究人员网络已经发表了大量已发表的论文和主要数据，涉及个体差异和个人经历、社交网络和文化动态在确定风险认知和风险行为（都与艾滋病毒和其他结果有关）方面的作用。我们将重点关注如何将文化纳入目前缺乏对文化过程的充分衡量的研究中，以及如何将非文化元素纳入文化研究中。接下来，我们将从现有的研究中建立一个数据集存储库，并重新分析这些数据，以便：1）建立跨学科理论、方法和研究问题的熟悉度，2）为未来的研究产生新的假设。然后，我们将合作设计并开展一项小型混合方法试点研究，研究居住在贫民窟的无家可归者的艾滋病毒风险信念和做法。该试点项目将借鉴跨学科团队对话和二手数据分析产生的见解，以及我们团队之前对洛杉矶无家可归的男性、女性和青少年的艾滋病毒风险行为、风险认知和社交网络的研究。最后，这项研究的结果以及所开发的方法和理论将传播给更广泛的学术界，项目团队将根据他们协作工作中开发的见解和工具制定完整的研究提案。