Imaging of Cognition, Learning and Memory in Aging

衰老过程中认知、学习和记忆的成像

• 批准号: 8723713
• 负责人: YAAKOV STERN
• 金额: $ 71.23万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-15 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8723713
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amyloid; Amyloid deposition; Attenuated; Brain; Brain Pathology; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical; Clinical Pathology; Cognition; Cognitive; Core-Binding Factor; Data; Dementia; Education; Elderly; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grant; Image; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Lead; Learning; Letters; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Outcome; Participant; Pathology; Pattern; Performance; Positron-Emission Tomography; Probability; Process; Proxy; Recruitment Activity; Research; Rest; Risk; Short-Term Memory; System; Task Performances; Thick; Time; White Matter Hyperintensity; Work; age effect; age related; age related cognitive change; brain volume; cerebral atrophy; cognitive function; cognitive reserve; executive function; mild cognitive impairment; neural patterning; neuromechanism; prevent; relating to nervous system; response; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research is aimed at better understanding the neural underpinnings of cognitive reserve (CR). We have postulated that CR mediates the relationship between age- or Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related brain pathology and the clinical impact of that pathology. Our working hypothesis has been that CR operates through individual differences in how tasks are processed in the brain and that we can use fMRI-measured task-related activation to understand these processing differences. In both young and old, we have indentified individual differences in the efficiency and capacity of brain networks elicited by task performance, and have noted that these individual differences are often related to measured CR. We have also identified situations where older adults use different compensatory neural patterns. We now propose to assess how these possible neural implementations of CR are expressed in the presence of quantifiable measures of age- and AD-related brain changes and pathology. These will include MR measures of brain volume, cortical thickness, white matter hyperintensities, resting cerebral blood flow and default network integrity, as well quantified amyloid burden from 18F-AV-45 PET. These measures will be obtained for 50 young and 150 older healthy participants who will also perform two tasks while being imaged with fMRI. This will allow us to explore the neural implementation of CR and determine how CR maintains performance in the presence of brain changes and pathology. We also propose to follow our elder participants over time to determine whether differential expression of these CR networks in healthy elders is associated with reduced risk of important clinical outcomes including cognitive decline and developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD. This work will lead to better understanding of how aging and AD pathology impacts on the neural systems that mediate cognitive function and the neural mechanisms that differentiate successful and unsuccessful aging. In turn, it may provide clues for remediating or preventing age-related cognitive changes and delaying the onset of AD.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在更好地了解认知储备（CR）的神经基础。我们假设CR介导年龄或阿尔茨海默病（AD）相关的脑病理学和该病理学的临床影响之间的关系。我们的工作假设是，CR是通过大脑中任务处理方式的个体差异来运作的，我们可以使用fMRI测量的任务相关激活来理解这些处理差异。在年轻人和老年人中，我们已经确定了由任务表现引起的大脑网络效率和能力的个体差异，并注意到这些个体差异通常与测量的CR有关。我们还发现了老年人使用不同补偿神经模式的情况。我们现在建议评估这些可能的神经实现CR是如何表达的年龄和AD相关的大脑变化和病理的量化措施的存在。这些将包括脑体积、皮质厚度、白色高信号、静息脑血流量和默认网络完整性的MR测量，以及来自18 F-AV-45 PET的定量淀粉样蛋白负荷。这些措施将获得50名年轻人和150名老年健康参与者谁也将执行两个任务，同时与功能磁共振成像。这将使我们能够探索CR的神经实现，并确定CR如何在存在大脑变化和病理的情况下保持性能。我们还建议随着时间的推移跟踪我们的老年参与者，以确定这些CR网络在健康老年人中的差异表达是否与重要临床结果的风险降低相关，包括认知下降和发展轻度认知障碍（MCI）或AD。这项工作将有助于更好地了解衰老和AD病理学如何影响介导认知功能的神经系统以及区分成功和不成功衰老的神经机制。反过来，它可以提供补救或预防与年龄相关的认知变化和延迟AD发作的线索。