Biocatalyst Platform Technology for Enhancing Cometabolic Biodegradation

增强彗星代谢生物降解的生物催化剂平台技术

• 批准号: 8782296
• 负责人: Fatemeh Shirazi
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: MICROVI BIOTECH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-11 至 2016-02-10
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8782296
• 关键词: Affect; Applied Research; Biodegradation; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Bioreactors; Capital; Carcinogens; Case Study; Chemicals; Chloroform; Cost Analysis; Development; Dimethylnitrosamine; Disadvantaged; Economics; Effectiveness; Engineering; Environmental Engineering technology; Evaluation; Excision; Future Generations; Government; Hand; Health; Human; In Situ; Informatics; International; Lead; Left; Legal patent; Letters; Marketing; Measures; Methane; Methods; Microbe; Microbiology; Modeling; N-nitrosodimethylamine; Notification; Outcome; Oxygen; Performance; Persons; Phase; Polymers; Process; Provider; Public Health; Recovery; Resistance; Resources; Science; Secure; Services; Site; Solvents; Technology; Testing; Time; Trichloroethylene; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Water; Water Pollutants; Water Supply; Work; base; cost; cost effective; design; design and construction; drinking water; interdisciplinary approach; meetings; microorganism; microorganism culture; new technology; novel; pollutant; prototype; public health relevance; remediation; response; superfund site; technology development; wasting; water quality; water treatment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hundreds of different harmful pollutants have contaminated valuable water supplies and resources. Many of these contaminants are recalcitrant (resistant to degradation), and their safe and effective removal from water can be cost prohibitive. For example, chlorinated solvents like trichloroethylene and chloroform are likely human carcinogens with myriad health effects at varying kinds and levels of exposure. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established a maximum contaminant level (MCL) for TCE in drinking water of 5 (ug/L). Another recalcitrant compound N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is also a probable carcinogen with maximum notification levels of 10 ng/L in many states. Collectively, recalcitrant organic pollutants in water affect hundreds of thousands of sites in the United States and severely confound public and private water treatment efforts. Compared with physical and chemical technologies, biological treatment offers the potential for low-energy, reliable, and eco-friendly degradation of these compounds into innocuous products. Even so, existing methods in applying biological technologies and inducing biodegradation of recalcitrant organics via cometabolism suffer from a number of drawbacks that lead to unreliable performance and high costs. This Phase I feasibility seeks to remedy many of the disadvantages with existing biological treatment technologies through a multidisciplinary approach drawing on materials science, applied microbiology, and environmental engineering. The project will develop, construct, test, and optimize a biocatalyst platform technology that can consolidate the treatment of difficult water quality situations safely and effectively, thereby protecting public health and promoting environmental sustainability. The major outcome of this work will be a proof-of-concept of a novel high performance biocatalytic process for the cometabolic treatment of major contaminants in water. The value proposition of this method includes intensified, targeted performance while limiting waste and reducing capital and operating expenses. Compared with existing methods, the successful outcome of this project has the potential to be a commercial technology-of-choice for water managers and providers, allowing the cost-effective remediation of water supplies and securing significant value for public and private environmental stewardship for future generations.

描述(申请人提供)：数百种不同的有害污染物污染了宝贵的水供应和资源。这些污染物中的许多都是顽固的(耐降解)，它们从水中安全有效地去除可能会花费高昂的费用。例如，三氯乙烯和氯仿等氯化溶剂很可能是人类致癌物质，在不同种类和程度的暴露下会对健康产生多种影响。美国环保局已将饮用水中三氯乙烯的最高污染物水平定为5微克/L。另一种顽固化合物N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)也是一种可能的致癌物质，在许多州的最高通报水平为10 ng/L。总的来说，水中顽固的有机污染物影响着美国数十万个地点，严重扰乱了公共和私人的水处理努力。与物理和化学技术相比，生物处理提供了低能耗、可靠和环保的潜力，将这些化合物降解成无害的产品。尽管如此，现有的应用生物技术和通过共代谢诱导难降解有机物的生物降解的方法存在一些缺陷，导致性能不可靠和成本高昂。这一第一阶段的可行性试图通过利用材料科学、应用微生物学和环境工程的多学科方法来弥补现有生物处理技术的许多缺点。该项目将开发、建造、测试和优化生物催化平台技术，以安全地巩固困难水质状况的处理 有效地保护公众健康，促进环境可持续性。这项工作的主要成果将是一种新的高性能生物催化工艺的概念验证，用于水中主要污染物的共代谢处理。这种方法的价值主张包括强化、有针对性的绩效，同时限制浪费，减少资本和运营费用。与现有方法相比，该项目的成功成果有可能成为水管理者和提供者选择的商业技术，从而能够以成本效益高的方式补救供水，并确保为子孙后代的公共和私人环境管理带来重大价值。