Center on the Demography of Aging

描述(申请人提供)：宾夕法尼亚大学人口老龄化研究中心(PARC)提议将其现有的P30中心延续5年，2014-2019年有以下五个标志性主题：i)老年健康、疾病和死亡风险，纳入种族和性别差异，包括时期和队列风险及其潜在的社会和生物机制；ii)早期生活条件与老年人健康、行为和幸福：探索可能对塑造我们如何变老至关重要的早期发育环境，包括营养、传染病、社会支持、教育和基因与环境的互动；三)全球老龄化：影响世界各地老年人福祉的社会文化、经济和环境情况；生活方式变化对快速转型的发展中国家的健康和老龄化的影响；四)生命史的生物人口学和进化方法，包括收集和分析新陈代谢和衰老的遗传生物标记物的创新分析方法，用于解释人类衰老轨迹的非人类动物模型的评估，以及利用进化框架重新解释数据和产生新的可检验的假说；五)国内/国际对老年人福祉的看法，强调生命周期决策和老年经济保障及其与不断变化的工作模式、家庭支助、储蓄和养老金、医疗保险和保健系统的互动。考虑到目前的预算情况，帕洛阿尔托研究中心对其业务进行了重组和精简，提出了一个规模较小、但效率高、生产率高的中心，即 35个研究伙伴致力于老龄化相关问题的研究活动中心。提议了三个核心：核心A：“行政和研究支助”(Valeggia，PI)，向伙伴提供专门的行政和数据管理服务，召集外部咨询委员会，并建立旨在增加NIH/NIA赠款申请数量的倡议，特别是来自试点项目PI的；核心B：“方案开发”(Valeggia，PI)，以维持和评估试点计划；请求为强调一个或多个标志性主题的三个为期两年的试点项目提供支持；核心C：“外部创新网络”(Behrman，PI)，以扩大和加强五个研究与合作网络：拉丁美洲老龄问题网络(LANA)、撒哈拉以南非洲老龄问题网络(NASSA)、进化网络(EvoDemo)、早年生活对成年人的影响网络(NEELMA)和移民优势网络(NEMA)。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Population Aging Research Center (PARC) at the University of Pennsylvania proposes a 5-year continuation of its existing P30 Center, with the following five signatures themes for 2014-2019: i) Health, disease, and mortality risks at older ages, incorporating race and gender differences, including period and cohort risks and their underlying social and biological mechanisms; ii) Early-life conditions and older adult health, behavior, and well-being: an exploration of early developmental circumstances that may be crucial for shaping how we grow old, including nutrition, infectious disease, social support, education, and gene-environment interactions prenatally and during childhood; iii) Global aging: sociocultural, economic, and environmental circumstances impacting the well-being of older individuals around the world; consequences for health and aging of lifestyle changes on rapidly transitioning developing countries; iv) Biodemographical and evolutionary approaches to life history, including innovative analytic methodologies for collecting and analyzing metabolic, and genetic biomarkers of aging, evaluation of non-human animal models for explaining human aging trajectories, and use of evolutionary frameworks for re-interpreting data and generating new testable hypotheses; v) Domestic/international perspectives on well-being at older ages, emphasizing lifecycle decision-making and old-age financial security and their interactions with changing work patterns, family support, savings and pensions, health insurance, and health care systems. Attentive to the current budgetary situation, PARC has restructured and streamlined its operations to propose a smaller, but highly efficient and productive Center that is the hub of research activity of 35 Research Associates working on aging-related issues. Three Cores are proposed: Core A: "Administrative & Research Support"(Valeggia, PI) to provide dedicated administrative and data management services to Associates, convene an External Advisory Committee, and establish an initiative aimed at increasing the number of NIH/NIA grant applications, especially from Pilot projects Pi's; Core B: "Program Development" (Valeggia, PI) to sustain & evaluate the Pilot Program; support is requested for three 2-year pilots that emphasize one or more signature themes; Core C: "External Innovative Network" (Behrman, PI) to expand and strengthen five research & collaboration networks: the Latin American Network on Aging (LANA), the Network on Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa (NASSA), the Evolutionary Network (EvoDemo), the Network on Effects of Early Life on Mature Adults (NEELMA), and the Network on Migration Advantage (NeMA).