Time Perception and Timed Performance in Autism

自闭症患者的时间感知和定时表现

• 批准号: 8730696
• 负责人: Melissa J. Allman
• 金额: $ 22.75万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-05 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8730696
• 关键词: Age; American Psychiatric Association; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autistic Disorder; Award; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebrum; Clinical; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic tests; Dimensions; Discrimination; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Educational process of instructing; Ensure; Environment; Event; Expectancy; Faculty; Fingers; Fostering; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Instruction; Intelligence; Intervention; Judgment; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Life; Memory; Mentors; Methodology; Motor; Movement; Nature; Neuraxis; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurologic; Neurology; Nonverbal Communication; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Persons; Phase; Physical environment; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Production; Regulation; Relative (related person); Reproduction; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Rubia; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Socialization; Speech; Stereotyping; Structure; System; Time; Time Perception; Training; Training Programs; Translations; Triad Acrylic Resin; Universities; Vision; Wing; base; biobehavior; career; career development; improved; infancy; information processing; interest; joint attention; medical schools; millisecond; neurobehavioral; neurochemistry; remediation; response; sensory integration; social communication; social skills; sound; theories; time interval

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of this research is to improve the phenotypic characterization of autism by delineating the relative function of the interval timing system (ITS) in these individuals. The ITS is fundamental for adaptive cognitive and behavioral function, and there are theoretical, anecdotal and empirical grounds to suppose the ITS is dysfunctional in people with autism, and directly contributes to their triad of impairments. Only a handful of studies have assessed the ITS in autism, despite the fact that functioning of the ITS is being examined in other clinical populations (e.g., ADHD, schizophrenia). There are three specific aims of this research project that will fill gaps in our knowledge about autism, employing methodologies adapted from the basic laboratory (within the framework of scalar expectancy theory). The first aim (R00 phase) examines time perception (temporal bisection & generalization); the second aim (R00) examines timed performance (temporal reproduction & finger tapping); the third aim (K99 phase) employs fMRI to elucidate the neurological basis of preliminary data demonstrating quantifiable differences in time perception in autism (on temporal bisection; that correlates with scores on diagnostic tests). Results from K99/R00 studies will form the basis of an R01 application during the R00 cycle that will build upon the theoretical framework established during the K99 phase of the award and extend assessments of temporal information processing in autism. The support of a K99/R00 will provide the PI with mentored research training in developmental cognitive neurology, autism, fMRI (all at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine) and interval timing (with Dr. Warren Meck at Duke University), that extends and compliments her research background. Coupled with formal training classes, including autism diagnosis, this training plan will ensure the studies proposed during R00 can be successfully implemented. Research during the K99 phase will be conducted in the laboratory of Dr. Martha Denckla (primary mentor) who has a proven track record of supervising fellows into faculty positions. The proposed program of training and research will 'bridge' the transition to independence, and allow the PI to develop a unique and original line of autism research that will form the basis of her academic career.

描述(由申请人提供)： 这项研究的长期目标是通过描绘间隔计时系统(ITS)在这些人中的相对功能来改善自闭症的表型特征。ITS是适应性认知和行为功能的基础，有理论、轶事和经验依据可以假设ITS在自闭症患者中功能失调，并直接导致他们的三重障碍。尽管ITS的功能正在其他临床人群(如ADHD、精神分裂症)中进行研究，但只有少数研究评估了ITS在自闭症中的作用。这项研究项目的三个具体目标将填补我们对自闭症知识的空白，采用从基础实验室改编的方法(在标量期望理论的框架内)。第一个目标(R00阶段)检查时间知觉(时间分割和泛化)；第二个目标(R00)检查计时操作(时间再现和手指敲击)；第三个目标(K99阶段)使用fMRI来阐明初步数据的神经学基础，这些初步数据表明自闭症患者在时间感知方面存在可量化的差异(关于时间分割；这与诊断测试的分数相关)。K99/R00研究的结果将构成R00周期中R01申请的基础，该申请将建立在K99奖项阶段建立的理论框架之上，并扩展对自闭症时间信息处理的评估。K99/R00的支持将为PI提供发展认知神经学、自闭症、功能磁共振成像(均在约翰·霍普金斯医学院)和间歇计时(与杜克大学的Warren Meck博士一起)的指导性研究培训，这扩展并赞扬了她的研究背景。加上包括自闭症诊断在内的正式培训课程，这一培训计划将确保R00期间提出的研究能够成功实施。K99阶段的研究将在Martha Denckla博士(主要导师)的实验室进行，她在指导研究员进入教员职位方面有良好的记录。拟议的培训和研究计划将为向独立的过渡搭建桥梁，并允许PI开发一条独特的原创自闭症研究路线，这将构成她学术生涯的基础。