An Integrated Diagnostic System for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

用于快速抗菌药物敏感性测试的集成诊断系统

• 批准号: 8655138
• 负责人: Vincent Jen-Jr Gau
• 金额: $ 98.72万
• 依托单位: GENEFLUIDICS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8655138
• 关键词: Academia; Accident and Emergency department; Accounting; Acute; Address; Ampicillin; Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotic Therapy; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial Resistance; Antimicrobial susceptibility; Arizona; Bacterial Infections; Biological Assay; Biosensor; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical; Communicable Diseases; Complement; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Enteral; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; Expenditure; Feasibility Studies; Food Chain; Gastroenteritis; Goals; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Health Personnel; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Hospitals; Hour; Human; In Situ; Industry; Infection; Infiltration; Klebsiella; Laboratories; Lead; Measurement; Medical Device; Microfluidics; Modification; Molecular Diagnosis; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Oral; Outpatients; Patient Care; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Pneumonia; Predisposition; Preparation; Principal Investigator; Process; Proteus; Protocols documentation; Quinolones; Reader; Regimen; Regulation; Research; Resistance; Resistance profile; Ribosomal RNA; Sampling; Scientist; Selection for Treatments; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; System; Techniques; Technology; Test Result; Testing; TimeLine; Translations; Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole; U-Series Cooperative Agreements; Universities; Urinary tract infection; Urine; Uropathogen; Uropathogenic E. coli; Validation; Wound Infection; antimicrobial; base; beta-Lactams; biochip; commercialization; community setting; evidence base; improved; interest; multidisciplinary; pathogen; point of care; quinolone resistance; sensor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pathogens responsible for many of the common human infectious diseases such as urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, pneumonia, and wound infections have proven to be highly adept in acquiring mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Widespread injudicious practice of empiric antibiotic usage by healthcare providers and infiltration of antibiotics in the food chain have accelerated selection and dissemination of resistant pathogens. As a consequence, clinicians have fewer treatment options, particularly in the most needy patients. An example of the problem was the rapid emergence of trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistant E. coli, which accounts for 85-90% of the UTIs in the community setting. Prior to the 1990s, beta-lactams such as ampicillin (AMP) were the standard antimicrobial regimen for acute uncomplicated UTIs, but was replaced with SXT when E. coli resistance against beta-lactams surpassed 25%. With increasing use, however, SXT resistance increased substantially and quinolones such as ciprofloxacin (CIP) became the antibiotic of choice. Not surprisingly, quinolone-resistant uropathogens are on the rise. In hospitals where MDR pathogens are of even greater problem, the quinolone-resistance rate for uropathogenic E. coli has now exceeded 50% in some settings. The goal of this Phase II NIAID Advanced Technology SBIR application is to develop and validate RAST (rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing), an integrated diagnostic compact system to enable clinicians to direct point-of-care (POC), evidence-based selection of antibiotics for treatment of acute bacterial infections. RAST addresses the major limitations of standard phenotypic AST platforms (e.g., bioMerieux Vitek, BD Phoenix) by providing rapid (90 minutes vs. 2 days) and decentralized (POC vs. laboratory-based) testing. RAST complements our ongoing NIAID Cooperative Agreement, An Integrated Diagnostic Biochip for Point of Care Pathogen Identification (U01 AI082457), for rapid molecular diagnosis urinary tract infections (UTI) using electrochemical biosensors integrated with microfluidics. Since Phase I, we have accomplished several critical milestones: (1) development and clinical validation of a 3.5 hour bench-top RAST protocol showing 94% accuracy; (2) compatibility of RAST with clinical urine samples without need for initial bacterial isolation; (3) feasibility of on-chip electrokinetic bacterial concentration and assay enhancement; (4) on-chip bacterial culture using microchannels; (5) integrated microfluidic cartridge for pathogen identification; and (6) preliminary feasibility of cartridge-based RAST. In the current Phase II project, we propose three Specific Aims: Specific Aim 1. Optimization and validation of electrokinetic (EK) processing modules for volume reduction and in situ assay enhancement. The goal of Aim 1 is to develop an EK volume reduction module for enriching the sample 100-fold within 10 min and to develop an in situ EK enhancement technique for improving the detection sensitivity of the electrochemical assay by 10-fold. Specific Aim 2. Development of the RAST cartridge for rapid phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The goal of Aim 2 is to develop the process flow and fabrication process for the RAST cartridge and reader/manifold system, including sample loading, EK volume reduction, on-chip sample culturing in selective media containing different antibiotics of interest, and phenotypic AST by quantitative measurement of bacterial 16S rRNA. Specific Aim 3. Clinical translation of RAST cartridge in urine. The goal of Aim 3 is to perform analytical validation of RAST cartridge and reader/manifold system and a clinical feasibility study using 30 unknown clinical samples from patients suspected to have UTI. The development and validation of RAST will adhere to the recommended standards of Quality Management Standard for Medical Devices (ISO 13485) and federal regulations for fully automated short-term incubation cycle antimicrobial susceptibility system (21 CFR 866.1645)(see Commercialization Plan D.1.3). Successful accomplishment of our milestones in this Phase II application will be followed by FDA 510(k) submission to demonstrate the system is substantially equivalent to a predicate device. A separate Milestones and Timeline section is included at the end of the Research Strategy.

描述(申请人提供)：许多常见的人类传染病的病原体，如尿路感染(UTI)、胃肠炎、肺炎和伤口感染，已被证明高度熟练地获得抗菌素耐药性的机制。医疗保健提供者普遍不明智地使用抗生素的做法以及抗生素在食物链中的渗透加速了耐药病原体的选择和传播。因此，临床医生的治疗选择更少，特别是在最需要治疗的患者身上。这个问题的一个例子是对甲氧苄氨嘧啶-磺胺甲恶唑(SXT)耐药的大肠杆菌迅速出现，占社区环境中尿路感染的85%-90%。在20世纪90年代之前，氨苄西林(AMP)等β-内酰胺类药物是治疗急性非复杂性尿路感染的标准抗菌药物，但当大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药率超过25%时，SXT将取代SXT。然而，随着使用的增加，SXT的耐药性大幅增加，环丙沙星(CIP)等喹诺酮类药物成为首选抗生素。不足为奇的是，对喹诺酮类药物耐药的尿路病原菌正在增加。在多药耐药病原体问题更严重的医院，对尿路致病大肠杆菌的喹诺酮耐药率在某些情况下已超过50%。NIAID第二阶段先进技术SBIR应用的目标是开发和验证RAST(快速抗菌素敏感性检测)，这是一种集成的诊断紧凑型系统，使临床医生能够指导护理点(POC)、基于证据的抗生素选择，用于治疗急性细菌感染。RAST通过提供快速(90分钟对2天)和去中心化(POC对实验室)测试，解决了标准表型AST平台(例如BioMerieux Vitek、BD Phoenix)的主要限制。RAST是我们正在进行的NIAID合作协议的补充，这是一种用于护理点病原体识别的集成诊断生物芯片(U01 AI082457)，用于使用集成了微流体的电化学生物传感器快速分子诊断尿路感染(UTI)。自第一阶段以来，我们已经完成了几个关键的里程碑：(1)3.5小时台式RAST方案的开发和临床验证，显示出94%的准确性；(2)RAST与临床尿样的兼容性，不需要最初的细菌分离；(3) 芯片上电动细菌浓缩和检测增强的可行性；(4)使用微通道的芯片上细菌培养；(5)用于病原体鉴定的集成微流体色谱盒；以及(6)基于色谱盒的RAST的初步可行性。在当前的第二阶段项目中，我们提出了三个具体目标：具体目标1.电动(EK)处理模块的优化和验证，用于体积减少和原位分析增强。目标1的目标是开发一种在10分钟内将样品浓缩100倍的EK体积减小模块，并开发一种原位EK增强技术，以将电化学分析的检测灵敏度提高10倍。具体目标2.快速表型药敏试验RAST试剂盒的研制。目标2的目标是开发RAST盒和读取器/歧管系统的工艺流程和制造工艺，包括样品加载、EK体积缩小、在含有不同感兴趣的抗生素的选择性介质中进行芯片样品培养，以及通过定量测量细菌16S rRNA来表现AST。具体目的3.尿中Rast药盒的临床翻译。目标3的目标是对RAST试剂盒和读取器/歧管系统进行分析验证，并使用来自疑似尿路感染患者的30个未知临床样本进行临床可行性研究。RAST的开发和验证将遵循医疗器械质量管理标准(国际标准化组织13485)的推荐标准和全自动短期孵化周期抗菌药物敏感性系统的联邦法规(21CFR 866.1645)(见商业化计划D.1.3)。在成功完成我们在第二阶段应用中的里程碑之后，FDA将提交510(K)，以证明该系统基本上等同于谓词装置。在《研究战略》的末尾有一个单独的里程碑和时间表部分。