Venue-level Risks for HIV/STI among Male Clients of FSWs in Tijuana, Mexico

墨西哥蒂华纳 FSW 男性顾客的艾滋病毒/性传播感染场所风险

• 批准号: 8602986
• 负责人: Eileen Virtusio Pitpitan
• 金额: $ 18.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8602986
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Area; Award; Behavior Therapy; Benefits and Risks; California; Client; Data; Development; Drug usage; Drug user; Educational workshop; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Epidemiologic Studies; Ethics; Female; Funding; Future; Glean; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; HIV/STD; Home environment; Illicit Drugs; Individual; International; Intervention; Interview; Learning; Linear Models; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Mexico; Modeling; Names; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Populations at Risk; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention Research; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Infrastructure; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Statistical Methods; Techniques; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Workplace; condoms; data modeling; efficacy testing; experience; high risk; male; male sex worker; multilevel analysis; primary outcome; public health relevance; safer sex; sex; sex risk; skills; social; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is threefold. This award will allow me to: 1) learn three new skill sets: quantitative and mixed methodologies; multilevel modeling; and the integration of qualitative data and advanced quantitative modeling data; 2) broaden my understanding of substance use and HIV among substance users in a new cultural and environmental context (the US/Mexico border); and 3) facilitate my transition to becoming a productive NIH-funded independent investigator at the University of California San Diego. The training aims will be accomplished through a combination of specific workshops and coursework, a hands-on research project, and one-on-one mentoring with a Training Committee comprised of experts in the areas of HIV prevention research among vulnerable substance using populations, qualitative and mixed methods research, multilevel modeling, ethics, and drug use epidemiology research in international contexts (and specifically the US/Mexico border region). The research aims will be accomplished by conducting a mixed-methods study of social and structural aspects of sex work environments influencing HIV risk among male clients of FSW in Tijuana, Mexico. The research will be conducted as an independent adjunct to an existing NIH/NIDA-funded R01, DA029008 ("Safer Sex Intervention for Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in Tijuana, Mexico" aka Hombre Seguro, PI: Thomas Patterson), in order to capitalize on the infrastructure and expertise represented by that project. The US/Mexico border is experiencing a burgeoning HIV epidemic, concentrated among high-risk groups such as FSW, male clients, and drug users. While researchers have long applied mixed methods to HIV/STI prevention, few researchers have integrated rich information gleaned from qualitative methods with advanced statistical methods like multilevel, or hierarchical linear modeling. Further, researchers have yet to utilize mixed methods to provide a nuanced, contextual understanding of which sub-groups do and do not benefit from risk reduction interventions, as well as why and how. The proposed research will allow me to apply newly acquired skills in qualitative and mixed methods and integrating qualitative and multilevel modeling data to explore risk environments factors surrounding substance use in the context of sex with FSW in sex work venues. This work will be conducted in a particularly high-risk population (in Tijuana, HIV prevalence among female sex workers is 6% and 5% for male clients). Findings from the proposed research will be critical for developing multi-level interventions for substance using populations at risk for HIV in border regions and other international settings, and for the development of future mixed methods research integrating advanced quantitative techniques with qualitative approaches in HIV prevention. Further, developing skills in qualitative and mixed methods, and multilevel modeling will uniquely position me as one of only a handful of mixed-methods researchers in the field of substance use and sex work possessing such skills, and the only one in the Division of Global Public Health and the University of California San Diego.

描述（由申请人提供）：该指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）有三个目的。该奖项将使我能够：1）学习三项新技能：定量方法和混合方法；多层次建模；以及定性数据和高级定量建模数据的集成； 2) 在新的文化和环境背景下（美国/墨西哥边境）拓宽我对药物滥用和艾滋病毒的理解； 3) 帮助我成为一名由美国国立卫生研究院 (NIH) 资助的加州大学圣地亚哥分校的独立研究者。培训目标将通过具体研讨会和课程作业、实践研究项目以及培训委员会的一对一指导来实现，该培训委员会由弱势药物使用人群中艾滋病毒预防研究、定性和混合方法研究、多层次建模、伦理学以及国际背景下（特别是美国/墨西哥边境地区）吸毒流行病学研究领域的专家组成。该研究的目标将通过对影响墨西哥蒂华纳 FSW 男性顾客艾滋病毒风险的性工作环境的社会和结构方面进行混合方法研究来实现。该研究将作为现有 NIH/NIDA 资助的 R01、DA029008（“墨西哥蒂华纳女性性工作者男性客户的安全性干预”，又名 Hombre Seguro，PI：Thomas Patterson）的独立附属项目进行，以便利用该项目所代表的基础设施和专业知识。美国/墨西哥边境的艾滋病毒疫情正在迅速蔓延，主要集中在女性性工作者、男性嫖客和吸毒者等高危人群中。 虽然研究人员长期以来一直将混合方法应用于艾滋病毒/性传播感染的预防，但很少有研究人员将从定性方法中收集的丰富信息与多级或分层线性模型等先进的统计方法相结合。此外，研究人员尚未利用混合方法来细致入微地了解哪些亚组可以从风险降低干预措施中受益，哪些不能从风险降低干预措施中受益，以及原因和方式。拟议的研究将使我能够应用新获得的定性和混合方法技能，并整合定性和多层次建模数据，以探索在性工作场所与 FSW 发生性关系时围绕物质使用的风险环境因素。这项工作将在特别高危人群中进行（在蒂华纳，女性性工作者的艾滋病毒感染率为 6%，男性顾客的艾滋病毒感染率为 5%）。拟议研究的结果对于为边境地区和其他国际环境中艾滋病毒高危人群制定多层次干预措施以及未来将先进定量技术与艾滋病毒预防定性方法相结合的混合方法研究的发展至关重要。此外，发展定性和混合方法以及多层次建模方面的技能将使我成为物质使用和性工作领域中少数拥有此类技能的混合方法研究人员之一，也是全球公共卫生部门和加州大学圣地亚哥分校中唯一的一位。