Nutrition and Superfund Chemical Toxicity

营养和超级基金化学毒性

• 批准号: 8649932
• 负责人: BERNHARD HENNIG
• 金额: $ 244.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-07 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8649932
• 关键词: Address; Adipose tissue; Affinity; Atherosclerosis; Binding; Biological; Biological Markers; Biology; Biomedical Research; Biomimetics; Blood Vessels; Chemicals; Collaborations; Communities; Coupled; Detection; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diffusion; Disease; Drug Metabolic Detoxication; Ecology; Education; Environment; Environmental Health; Exercise; Exposure to; Health; Human; In Vitro; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Insulin Resistance; Iron; Kentucky; Lead; Learning; Life Style; Longevity; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Mediator of activation protein; Membrane; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Nanostructures; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Nutritional; Nutritional Toxin; Obesity; Outcome; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Pigments; Plants; Policies; Policy Developments; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polymers; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevention strategy; Primary Prevention; Process; Production; Public Health; Recommendation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Research Training; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Management; Role; Rotation; Scientist; Site; Solutions; Statutes and Laws; Students; Superfund; System; Techniques; Technology; Technology Transfer; Tissues; Toxic effect; Training; Translational Research; Translations; Trichloroethylene; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Universities; Work; base; biomedical scientist; chemical stability; computer infrastructure; cytokine; data management; dechlorination; development policy; evidence base; experience; fetal; global environment; improved; in vivo Model; innovative technologies; insight; lifestyle intervention; manufacturing process; nanomaterials; nanostructured; novel; nutrition; organic contaminant; particle; pollutant; programs; public health relevance; remediation; science education; sensor; superfund chemical; superfund site; technology development; tool; toxicant; translational engagement

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Due to their relative chemical stability and ubiquity in the environment, chlorinated organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and trichloroethylene (TCE) pose significant health risks and enduring remediation challenges. For example, extensive PCB contamination at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, the largest Superfund site in Kentucky, is of major concern for its health consequences. The University of Kentucky Superfund Research Center (UK-SRC) provides a focused transdisciplinary research, training and translation environment to address human health challenges associated with such exposures. Preliminary findings suggest that nutrition-based concepts and exercise can markedly influence the mechanisms of toxicity of chlorinated organics. Indeed, healthful nutrition/nutritional components may provide a platform to develop primary prevention strategies for diseases associated with environmental toxic insults, while also providing the basis for new risk assessment paradigms. Further, novel iron-based, nano-structured capture/sensing and remediation systems based on biomimetic binding domains and functionalized/responsive membrane platforms offer potential for sustainable advances in technical capability for site remediation. The UK-SRC proposes to reduce risk by: 1) developing lifestyle-related modulators of environmental disease and elucidating relevant protective mechanisms, and 2) developing technologically effective and economically efficient methods for capture/sensing and remediation of PCBs. Three biomedical and two environmental science projects, a Research Support Core, and Administrative, Research Translation, Community Engagement and Training Cores collectively advance understanding of toxicant-induced mechanisms of disease, introduce sustainable approaches for remediation and enhance stakeholder and community capacity to act. Biomedical projects focus on models of inflammation and associated changes in redox status and inflammatory cytokines in vascular (Project 1), fetal (Project 2) and adipose (Project 3) tissues with relevance to atherosclerosis, insulin resistance/diabetes and obesity. Environmental science projects employ nanomaterials to create selective PCB-binding domains with high affinity and selectivity for PCBs (Project 4) and a functionalized polymer immobilized membrane platform to support PCB dechlorination (Project 5). All Projects focus on common PCB toxicants. Biomedical scientists, with the Research Support Core, also evaluate byproducts of environmental science projects for unintended effects. Use of PCBs as a model contaminant will advance understanding of inflammatory diseases associated with exposure to persistent chlorinated organic pollutants. Research results will lead to evidence-based multidirectional information/education, technology transfer, training, policy and translational activities via UK-SRC cores. Expected outcomes include positive lifestyle interventions across the lifespan for populations at risk and advanced technical capacity to reduce public health risks.

描述（由申请人提供）