Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Combustion Smoke and Global Health Equali

固体燃料燃烧烟雾造成的家庭空气污染与全球健康平等

• 批准号: 8785206
• 负责人: AKSHAY SOOD
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8785206
• 关键词: Affect; American; Asthma; Awareness; Benign; Biological Markers; Burn injury; Chest; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Cookstove; Data; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Disease; District of Columbia; Education; Educational workshop; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Faculty; Future; Government; Health; Health Policy; Household; Household Air Pollution; Human; International; Intervention; Journals; Link; Lung diseases; Mission; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Participant; Patients; Perception; Physicians; Play; Policies; Policy Research; Population; Preventive; Publishing; Pueblo Race; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Recommendation; Request for Proposals; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Site; Smoke; Smoking and Health Research; Societies; Solid; Tobacco; United States; Wood material; Wood stove; World Health Organization; base; burden of illness; cigarette smoking; design; global health; interest; meetings; novel therapeutics; programs; public health relevance; respiratory; scientific organization; smoke inhalation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Household solid fuel smoke is the most important environmental risk factor for the global burden of disease, affecting 2.8 billion people that constitute 40% of the world population and thrice the number who smoke tobacco. Household solid fuel smoke is not simply a problem for developing countries. Wood burning populations in developed countries are also at risk from these exposures. Yet, solid fuel smoke as a risk factor for disease is largely ignored in the United States due to insufficient research on its adverse respiratory effects; the overwhelming interest in cigarette smoking as the major risk factor for lung disease; and mistaken perception that wood (being natural) is benign. Limited data suggest that wood smoke is a risk factor for asthma and COPD in the United States and the attributable risk for cardiopulmonary disease from wood smoke exposure in the United States is likely to increase. There are however major critical gaps in research related to the health effects of this exposure. Without meeting the critical gaps, this field of research is unlikely to advance. This application will help support the "Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Combustion Smoke and Global Health Equality - A Scientific Workshop" with additional support being requested from professional scientific organizations. The workshop will be held in November 2014 at the Santa Ana Pueblo, NM and will invite a faculty of eminent scientists. At the end of this workshop, the participants will be able to explai health effects by solid fuel smoke exposure in developed and developing countries; identify components of solid fuel smoke and biomarkers of solid fuel smoke exposure; understand mechanisms related to cardiopulmonary diseases due to solid fuel smoke exposure; and describe useful intervention strategies for developed and developing countries. The format of the workshop will involve eight formal sessions distributed over a two-day period interspersed with breaks to facilitate informal discussions. The American Thoracic Society's Environmental Health Policy Committee is the organizing committee for this workshop. The proceedings of the workshop will be published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society journal. The workshop will thus play an important role in increasing awareness about the health effects of solid fuel smoke inhalation among physicians and patients and promoting preventive initiatives through education, research, and policy change. This workshop is timely since there is a greater political and public awareness of this exposure in the United States and the world, spearheaded by the former Secretary of State, Ms. Hillary Clinton and the formation of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves at Washington, D.C. The rationale for the workshop is therefore directly linked to the NIEHS mission to "reduce the burden of human illness by understanding how the environment influences the development of disease".

描述（由申请人提供） 家庭固体燃料烟雾是全球疾病负担的最重要环境风险因素，影响到占世界人口40%的28亿人，是世界人口的三倍。 吸烟的人数。家庭固体燃料烟雾不仅仅是发展中国家的问题。发达国家的木材燃烧人口也面临这些风险。然而，在美国，固体燃料烟雾作为疾病的风险因素在很大程度上被忽视，这是由于对它的不良呼吸影响的研究不足;对吸烟作为肺部疾病的主要风险因素的压倒性兴趣;以及错误地认为木材（天然）是良性的。有限的数据表明，在美国，木材烟雾是哮喘和COPD的危险因素，在美国，木材烟雾暴露导致心肺疾病的归因风险可能会增加。然而，在与这种接触的健康影响有关的研究方面存在重大的关键差距。如果不满足关键的差距， 研究领域不太可能取得进展。该应用程序将有助于支持“固体燃料燃烧烟雾造成的家庭空气污染和全球健康平等-科学研讨会”，并要求专业科学组织提供额外支持。讲习班将于2014年11月在新墨西哥州的圣安娜普韦布洛举行，并将邀请一批杰出的科学家。研讨会结束时，与会者将能够解释发达国家和发展中国家固体燃料烟雾暴露对健康的影响;确定固体燃料烟雾的成分和固体燃料烟雾暴露的生物标志物;了解与固体燃料烟雾暴露引起的心肺疾病有关的机制;并描述发达国家和发展中国家有用的干预战略。讲习班的形式将包括在两天时间内举行八次正式会议，其间穿插休息，以促进非正式讨论。美国胸科协会的环境健康政策委员会是本次研讨会的组织委员会。研讨会的会议记录将发表在美国胸科学会年鉴杂志上。因此，该研讨会将在提高医生和患者对吸入固体燃料烟雾对健康影响的认识以及通过教育、研究和政策变革促进预防措施方面发挥重要作用。这次讲习班是及时的，因为在美国和世界上，在前国务卿希拉里·克林顿女士的带头下，在华盛顿成立了全球清洁炉灶联盟，因此，华盛顿特区举办研讨会的理由与NIEHS的使命直接相关，即“通过了解环境如何影响疾病的发展，减轻人类疾病的负担”。