Electrophysiology of proper naming in the human left anterior temporal lobe

人类左前颞叶正确命名的电生理学

• 批准号: 8834137
• 负责人: Taylor John Abel
• 金额: $ 5.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-22 至 2016-09-21
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8834137
• 关键词: Affect; Anomia; Anterior; Auditory; Biological Preservation; Brain; Categories; Cereals; Cerebrum; Characteristics; Data; Development; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Exhibits; Face; Famous Persons; Frontotemporal Dementia; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Fusiform gyrus; Goals; Health; Human; Impaired cognition; Implant; Knowledge; Language; Lateral; Lead; Left; Lesion; Lobectomy; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Modality; Morphologic artifacts; Names; Neural Pathways; Neurologic; Neurons; Neurosurgeon; Neurosurgical Procedures; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Physiological; Physiology; Play; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Postoperative Period; Predisposition; Property; Quality of life; Resolution; Retrieval; Role; Scientist; Seizures; Side; Site; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Sum; Superior temporal gyrus; System; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Temporal Lobe Epilepsy; Testing; Traumatic Brain Injury; Visual; Voice; Work; auditory stimulus; human subject; implantation; improved; neuroimaging; neurosurgery; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; spatiotemporal; tool; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The left anterior temporal lobe (ATL) is crucial for retrieving names for proper nouns. Evidence for this comes from lesions studies that demonstrate a specific deficit in proper noun naming, with preservation of recognition, in patients with left ATL damage. The ATL is commonly encountered in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), where it significantly impacts quality of life. Studying the physiology of the ATL is extremely difficult because of technical limitations imposed by functional neuroimaging techniques (e.g. functional MRI susceptibility artifact). Thus, studies of the ATL have relied on lesion data and positron emission tomography (PET), which lack the spatial resolution to study eloquent left ATL subregions. Intracranial electrocortiography (ECoG), typically used for seizure localization, is an emerging technique for functional mapping that circumvents these limitations, but has not been previously used to study the ATL since traditional ECoG grids do not conform to the ATL convexity. The proposed work will characterize the physiology and connectivity of the ATL using ECoG in human subjects undergoing left ECoG implantation for seizure localization. A novel ECoG array has been developed and implemented that provides dense coverage of the ATL for seizure localization and functional mapping. Using this array, we will describe ATL responses to visual and auditory proper noun naming, and then characterize connectivity of the ATL to sensory cortices that support naming. Using classifier analysis techniques, the neural activity associated with specific categories (actors, politicians, landmarks, tools) and specific entities (Bill Clinto, Barak Obama) will be decoded to define the organization and functional subregions of the left ATL. Using electrical stimulation tract tracing (ESTT), the anatomical and functional connections between fusiform gyrus and superior temporal gyrus will be defined. Phase synchrony analysis of ECoG data obtained during proper noun naming will be used to map functional connections between the fusiform gyrus or superior temporal gyrus, and the ATL. The results of these experiments will provide new and timely knowledge of the physiology and connectivity of the left ATL to perform proper noun naming. The proposed work will generate important knowledge of the mechanisms mediating cognitive dysfunction in patients with ATL damage and has the potential to influence neurosurgery of the language dominant temporal lobe to spare previously undefined functional subregions of the left ATL.

描述（由申请人提供）：左前颞叶（ATL）对于检索专有名词的名称至关重要。这方面的证据来自病变研究，该研究表明，左侧ATL损伤患者在保留识别的情况下，在专有名词命名方面存在特定缺陷。ATL常见于颞叶癫痫（TLE）、外伤性脑损伤（TBI）和额颞叶痴呆（FTD），其显著影响生活质量。由于功能性神经成像技术（如功能性MRI敏感性伪影）的技术限制，研究ATL的生理学非常困难。因此，ATL的研究依赖于病变数据和正电子发射