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Flexible representation of speech in the supratemporal plane.

在超颞平面上灵活地表达语音。

基本信息

批准号：
10594619
负责人：
Taylor John Abel
金额：
$ 7.67万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10594619
关键词：
Accent Acoustics Adolescence Affect Aphasia Auditory Back Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Behavioral Research Biological Assay Clinical Code Communication Communication impairment Complement Data Development Diagnostic Dimensions Dyslexia Educational Status Electrocorticogram Electrodes Electroencephalography Electrophysiology (science)Goals Heterogeneity Human Individual Individual Differences Language Lead Link Maps Measures Methods Modeling Nature Neurobiology Neurosurgical Procedures Noise Participant Patients Perception Play Population Research Resolution Role Sampling Scalp structure Signal Transduction Societies Speech Speech Acoustics Speech Perception Structure of superior temporal sulcus Superior temporal gyrus Surface Testing Thinking Time Weight Weights and Measures autism spectrum disorder base cognitive neuroscience cost experience flexibility gray matter hearing impairment neurosurgery next generation non-Native predicting response rehabilitation strategy relating to nervous system response social spatiotemporal speech processing speech recognition

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Speech communication plays a crucial role in conveying our thoughts to others, maintaining social ties, and supporting educational achievement. As a result, communication disorders that impact speech perception like autism, dyslexia, and hearing loss can be costly to both individuals and society. Understanding the neurobiological bases of speech processing is an important goal that has been hastened by invasive intracranial electrophysiology in neurosurgical contexts. Yet, substantial behavioral evidence demonstrates dynamic, flexible aspects of the mapping of speech input to phonemes that is not yet accounted for in neurobiological models. This Exploratory/Developmental R21 project pursues the central hypothesis that listening context systematically impacts cortical response to speech and therefore affects the diagnosticity of acoustic dimensions in signaling phonemes. A newly established cross-disciplinary research team will use intracerebral recording via stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) obtained in a neurosurgical context to pursue this hypothesis. Like electrocorticography (ECoG), sEEG offers high spatiotemporal resolution and can target the cortical surface, including superior temporal gyrus (STG). Owing to the intracortical electrode placement, sEEG electrodes record through the supratemporal plane, specifically targeting both deep sulcal and gyral grey matter including superior temporal sulcus (STS) and Heschl’s gyrus (HG). Simultaneous scalp electroencephalography (EEG) will be acquired to link these intracortical measures with noninvasive approaches appropriate in studies of healthy listeners. Aim 1 will establish neural response to two acoustic-phonetic dimensions as a function of the perceptual weight with which they signal phoneme identity. This will provide a baseline response for each participant for comparison as experimental manipulations to listening context shift perceptual weights in Aim 2, and will establish how individual differences in perceptual weighting strategies predict cortical electrophysiological response. Aim 2 will introduce two well-established manipulations that, behaviorally, shift perceptual weights relative to baseline: introduction of noise and introduction of an ‘accent’ for which the short-term speech input deviates from distributional regularities of the native language. Examination of experimental manipulations within-participant will provide a sensitive means by which to assay changes in neural response as a function of changes in perceptual weights arising across listening contexts. Participants will be sampled across later adolescence (15-25 years), a period during which perceptual weights provide informative heterogeneity. The project will compound its impact by filling an important gap in understanding of speech processing, building a bridge from invasive electrophysiological studies with patients to scalp EEG measures of human listeners through combined sEEG+EEG, wedding classic and state-of-the-art computational approaches to inform mechanisms, and delivering an understanding of the dynamic, flexible nature of speech processing with substantial implications for communication disorders.

项目总结言语交流在向他人传达我们的思想、维持社会关系以及支持教育成果。因此，影响言语感知的沟通障碍，如自闭症、阅读障碍和听力损失对个人和社会来说都可能是代价高昂的。了解语音处理的神经生物学基础是一个重要的目标，这一目标已被侵入性的颅内加速神经外科环境中的电生理学。然而，大量的行为证据表明，动态、灵活的语音输入到音素的映射，这在神经生物学模型中还没有被考虑到。这一探索性/发展性R21项目追求的中心假设是，听力语境系统地影响大脑皮质对语音的反应，从而影响信号中声学维度的诊断音素。一个新成立的跨学科研究团队将通过在神经外科背景下获得的立体脑电信号(SEEG)来研究这一假说。喜欢皮层脑电图术(ECoG)，sEEG提供高时空分辨率并可以靶向皮质表面，包括颞上回(STG)。由于皮质内电极的放置，sEEG电极记录经颞上平面，特别针对深沟和脑回灰质，包括SUBERVER 颞沟(STS)和赫氏回(HG)。同步头皮脑电(EEG)将将这些皮质内测量与适用于健康研究的非侵入性方法联系起来听众。目标1将建立对两个声学-语音维度的神经反应，作为知觉的函数它们用来表示音素身份的权重。这将为每个参与者提供一个基准响应在目标2中，比较作为对听力语境的实验操作改变了知觉权重，并且将确定知觉加权策略中的个体差异如何预测皮质电生理回应。目标2将介绍两种公认的操作，它们在行为上移动知觉权重相对于基线：引入噪声和引入短期语音输入的“口音” 背离母语的分布规律的。对实验操作的检验受试者内部将提供一种灵敏的方法，通过该方法来分析神经反应的变化感知权重的变化在不同的听力环境中产生。参与者将在稍后的时间内进行抽样青春期(15-25岁)，在此期间，知觉权重提供了信息量的异质性。这个项目将通过填补在理解语音处理方面的一个重要空白，建立一个从患者有创电生理研究到人类听者头皮脑电测量的桥梁通过组合sEEG+EEG，婚礼经典和最先进的计算方法来告知机制，并了解语音处理的动态、灵活特性对沟通障碍的实质性影响。