GENE-NEIGHBORHOOD INTERACTION IN ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT SMOKING

青少年吸烟的基因-邻里相互作用

• 批准号: 8692708
• 负责人: Min Lian
• 金额: $ 13.22万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8692708
• 关键词: 18 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Area; Award; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Biological; Cancer Etiology; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chronic Disease; Cigarette; Cohort Studies; Communities; Data; Disadvantaged; Dizygotic Twins; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Family; Female Adolescents; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Heterogeneity; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Variation; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Government; Health; Hereditary Disease; Heritability; High Prevalence; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Life; Light; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mentors; Minnesota; Missouri; Modification; Monozygotic Twinning; Monozygotic twins; Mutation; Neighborhoods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Other Genetics; Outcome; Participant; Persons; Population Intervention; Prevalence; Prevention; Public Health; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sales; Schools; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Prevention; Social Environment; Statistical Models; Stratification; Study Subject; Surveys; Target Populations; Technology; Tobacco; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco use; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; United States; Variant; Youth; adolescent smoking; base; cigarette smoking; cohort; deprivation; experience; gene environment interaction; genetic risk factor; geographic difference; improved; low socioeconomic status; mortality; programs; skills; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; social; socioeconomics; tobacco control; young adult; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of cancer mortality and accounts for more than 30% of all cancer deaths in the United States. Despite warnings about its adverse health effects, the prevalence of smoking is still high among US persons, especially among adolescents and young adults. Most adult smokers initiated smoking before age 18 years and developed tobacco dependence during their young adulthood. Adolescent and young adult smoking remains one of the most challenging public health issues. Smoking behaviors are highly-heritable and also influenced by environments. Although genetic and other individual risk factors of smoking have been well established, only few studies examined neighborhood effects on adolescent and young adult smoking. While gene-environment interactions on smoking have been widely evaluated, the environment has been focused typically on individual- or family-level factors. No studies have investigated the interaction between adverse neighborhood conditions and genetic risk factors on smoking. In a multilevel framework, the examination of overall geographic variation in smoking behaviors, geographic heterogeneity of genetic influences on smoking, and effect modification of neighborhood disadvantages on smoking will be able to significantly facilitate improving tobacco control and the intervention in smoking cessation. Genetic alterations combined with neighborhood deprivation could prioritize the target population of the intervention through subdividing the risk levels (risk stratification) and refining prevention choices. Therefore, using the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS) data, we will explore the hypothesis that neighborhood environments modify the influence of genetic predispositions on cigarette smoking among adolescents and young adults. Three specific aims will be addressed: (1) Quantify the small-area geographic variation in adolescent and young adult smoking; (2) Identify neighborhood characteristics that are associated with adolescent and young adult smoking; and (3) Prospectively assess if genetic influences on smoking outcomes vary across distinct neighborhood environments. We will develop neighborhood measures based on area-level data and link them to the MOAFTS data after gecoding the residential addresses of study subjects to prospectively assess the independent and interactive effects of neighborhood environment with genetic predispositions on adolescent and young adult smoking. This award will allow the applicant to gain advanced skills in research methodology and behavioral genetics of smoking behaviors. The findings from the proposed study will provide important support to further investigate gene-neighborhood interplay on smoking through the R01 mechanism. The training and research experience obtained during this award, in combination with the excellence and expertise of his mentoring team (Drs. Mario Schootman, Andrew Heath, Pamela Madden, and Graham Colditz), will promote applicant's transition to an independent academic researcher in smoking prevention and tobacco control.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟是癌症死亡率的可预防原因，占美国所有癌症死亡的30％以上。尽管警告其不良健康影响，但在美国人，尤其是青少年和年轻人中，吸烟的普遍性仍然很高。大多数成年吸烟者在18岁之前引发吸烟，并在成年期间产生烟草依赖。青少年和成年吸烟仍然是最具挑战性的公共健康问题之一。吸烟行为是高度可靠的，也受到环境的影响。尽管已经建立了吸烟的遗传和其他个人危险因素，但只有很少的研究检查了邻里对青少年和成人吸烟的影响。尽管对吸烟的基因环境相互作用进行了广泛的评估，但环境通常集中在个体或家庭水平的因素上。没有研究调查不良邻域条件与吸烟遗传危险因素之间的相互作用。在多层次框架中，检查吸烟行为的整体地理差异，遗传影响对吸烟的地理异质性以及邻里缺点对吸烟的影响将能够显着促进烟草控制以及在戒烟中的干预。结合邻里剥夺的遗传改变可以通过细分风险水平（风险分层）和预防预防选择来确定干预的目标人群。因此，使用 密苏里青少年女性双胞胎研究（MOAFTS）数据，我们将探讨以下假设：邻里环境改变了青少年和年轻人对遗传易感性吸烟的影响。将解决三个具体目标：（1）量化青少年和成人吸烟的小区域地理变化； （2）确定与青少年和年轻吸烟相关的邻里特征； （3）前瞻性评估遗传对吸烟结果的影响是否在不同的邻里环境中有所不同。我们将根据面积级别的数据制定邻里措施，并将其链接到MOAFTS数据之后，在对研究对象的住宅地址进行了前瞻性评估邻里环境的独立和交互作用，并具有对青少年和成人吸烟的遗传倾向的独立和交互作用。该奖项将使申请人能够在吸烟行为的研究方法和行为遗传学方面获得高级技能。拟议的研究的发现将提供重要的支持，以进一步研究通过R01机制吸烟的基因 - 纽伯格期相互作用。该奖项期间获得的培训和研究经验，结合其指导团队的卓越和专业知识（Mario Schootman博士，Andrew Heath，Andrew Heath，Pamela Madden和Graham Colditz）将促进申请人向烟雾预防和烟草控制方面的独立学术研究员的过渡。