Characterizing the role of the prefrontal cortex in cognitive control

表征前额叶皮层在认知控制中的作用

• 批准号: 8580901
• 负责人: Derek Evan Nee
• 金额: $ 5.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-01 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8580901
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain region; Circumscribed Lesion; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive deficits; Complex; Coupling; Dependency; Diagnosis; Dorsal; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Health; Human; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Lesion; Location; Mental disorders; Modeling; Nervous System Trauma; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Primates; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Quality of life; Rehabilitation therapy; Role; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Source; Steam; Stroke; Testing; To specify; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Traumatic Brain Injury; Visual; abstracting; cognitive control; cognitive function; flexibility; improved; insight; interest; multitask; nervous system disorder; neural patterning; organizational structure; public health relevance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Humans and other primates have the remarkable ability to adjust behaviors according to internally stored goals and contexts. This flexibility permits complex cognition and is known to depend upon the functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Accordingly, dysfunction of the PFC impairs flexibility of action leading to impulsive, perseverative, and disorganized behaviors. Such cognitive deficits are evident in patients with neurological damage (e.g. traumatic-brain injury, stroke), as well as in patients with psychiatric disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). Commensurately, there has been a great deal of interest in explicating organizing principles to describe PFC function. Two such principles are: 1) that the PFC is organized along a rostral-caudal axis with more rostral areas providing hierarchical top-down control over more caudal areas; 2) that the PFC is organized along a dorsal-ventral axis of content with more dorsal areas maintaining spatial information and more ventral areas maintaining identity or object information. What remains unclear is how these two axes interact to achieve flexible cognitive control. The present proposal seeks to fill this gap by coupling working memory tasks that are known to engage dissociable dorsal-ventral networks in the caudal PFC with cognitive control demands that are known to engage dissociable rostral-caudal areas. The proposal will test the hypothesis that the dorsal-ventral axis converges in rostral areas of the PFC allowing rostral areas of the PFC (areas 10 & 46) to exert domain-general control over domain-specific caudal areas of the PFC (areas 6/8 & 44). This hypothesis is drawn from documented patterns of anatomical connectivity. The PFC will be explored through a combination of fMRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and studies of patients with focal PFC lesions. The combination of approaches affords the ability to document the organization of the PFC through patterns of neural activation and test causal functional roles of particular PFC regions through the effect of circumscribed lesions. Given the centrality of the PFC in cognitive control, it is anticipated that elucidating the interaction between the rostral-caudal and dorsal-ventral axes of the PFC will provide critical insight into complex behaviors that require high levels of mental organization.

描述(由申请人提供)：人类和其他灵长类动物具有根据内部存储的目标和背景调整行为的非凡能力。这种灵活性允许复杂的认知，并且已知依赖于前额叶皮质(PFC)的功能。因此，前额叶功能障碍会损害行动的灵活性，导致冲动、坚持不懈和无组织的行为。这种认知缺陷在神经损伤患者(如创伤性脑损伤、中风)以及精神障碍患者(如精神分裂症、注意力缺陷多动障碍)患者中明显存在。与之相对应的是，人们对阐明组织原则来描述PFC功能非常感兴趣。两个这样的原则是：1)PFC沿着吻部-尾部轴组织，具有更多的吻部区域，提供对更多尾部区域的分层的自上而下的控制；2)PFC是沿着内容的背部-腹轴组织的，其中更多的背部区域维护空间信息，更多的腹侧区域维护身份或对象信息。目前尚不清楚这两个轴是如何相互作用以实现灵活的认知控制的。目前的建议试图通过将工作记忆任务与认知控制需求相结合来填补这一空白，工作记忆任务涉及PFC尾侧可分离的背侧-腹侧网络，认知控制要求涉及可分离的吻尾区。该提案将检验这样一种假设，即背腹轴汇聚在PFC的吻区，允许PFC的吻区(第10区和第46区)对PFC特定区域的尾侧区(第6/8和44区)施加域一般控制。这一假设是从记录在案的解剖连接模式中得出的。将通过功能磁共振成像、经颅磁刺激(TMS)和对PFC局灶性病变患者的研究来探索PFC。这些方法的结合提供了通过神经激活模式记录PFC的组织，并通过局限性病变的影响来测试特定PFC区域的因果功能作用的能力。鉴于PFC在认知控制中的中心地位，预计 阐明PFC的吻尾轴和背腹轴之间的相互作用将为理解复杂的行为提供关键的洞察，这些行为需要高水平的心理组织。