Alcohol and Adult Development: Etiology, Consequences, and Diagnosis

描述（由申请人提供）：这是NIAAA针对PA-09-076的高级科学家和指导奖的2类申请。该申请旨在为“酒精和成人发展：病因、后果和诊断”（K05AA017242）拨款延长第二个五年期。候选人Kenneth J. Sher是密苏里大学（MU）心理科学策展人教授，他提议为三位在MU获得终身教职的杰出科学家提供一段时间的研究指导。所有这些学员作为独立科学家都有出色的发表记录，但仍然需要跨越一个或多个关键的研究里程碑，以充分发挥他们作为研究者的潜力。约翰·科恩斯是一名临床心理学家和神经科学家，他研究大脑功能和认知之间的关系。他之前的大部分工作都是在精神分裂症的认知领域。然而，他越来越多地在酒精和神经认知领域工作，目前获得了NIAAA的R21资助，研究极端饮酒对大脑结构和功能的中短期影响。Kerns博士的主要指导目标是增加他对酒精科学和奖学金的了解，并帮助他过渡到R01支持，以扩展他目前对极端饮酒影响的研究项目。马特·马滕斯（Matt Martens）是一位咨询心理学家，他的主要兴趣是对高危饮酒者进行简短的激励治疗。虽然Martens博士已经获得了NIAAA的两项R21资助，但他还没有成功地获得R01支持，使他能够承担更雄心勃勃的项目。和克恩斯博士一样，他的主要目标是在构建研究问题和有效的资助方面提供指导，这样他就能更成功地竞争到r01类型的资助。伊恩·吉泽（Ian Gizer）是一位接受过遗传学博士后培训的临床心理学家。他是一名职业生涯非常早期的科学家，2010年刚刚完成博士后培训。虽然他是三人中资历最浅的，但他是NIDA多项PI资助的PI，这些资助是在他还是博士后时写的。然而，为了让他在终身职位上取得成功，他需要证明自己有能力在密苏里大学建立一个独立的研究项目，指导研究生和博士后，并获得独立于高级同事合作者的R01（或同等学历）支持。对于所有申请者，指导将包括提供指导和支持，包括资助和学员研究项目的发展，以及更广泛的专业发展。将特别关注与学员一起工作，以提高他们作为研究生和博士后学员导师的有效性。该候选人计划继续开展广泛的研究项目，旨在描述酒精中毒的核心病因学过程，特别强调在共病精神病理学和人类发展的背景下理解酒精使用障碍（AUDs）的生命历程。此外，候选人提议在第一个预算期间开始进行一项新的研究计划，以开发对酒精使用障碍和相关精神病理学进行分类和建模的新方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a Type 2 application for a Senior Scientist and Mentoring Award from NIAAA in response to PA-09-076. The application seeks to extend funding, for a second five-year period, for the grant, "Alcohol and Adult Development: Etiology, Consequences, and Diagnosis" (K05AA017242). The Candidate, Kenneth J. Sher, Curators' Professor of Psychological Sciences at the University of Missouri (MU), proposes to provide a period of research mentoring to three outstanding, tenure-track scientists at MU. All of these mentees have excellent publication records as independent scientists but still have to transit one or more key research milestones to reach their full potential as investigators. John Kerns, is a clinical psychologist and neuroscientist who studies the relationship between brain function and cognition. Most of his prior work has been in the area of cognition in schizophrenia. However, he is working increasingly in the area of alcohol and neurocognition and currently has an R21 grant from NIAAA to study the short-to-intermediate effects of extreme drinking episodes on brain structure and function. Primary mentoring goals for Dr. Kerns is to increase his knowledge of alcohol science and scholarship and to help him transition to R01 support to extend his current research program on the effects of extreme drinking. Matt Martens, is a counseling psychologist with primary interests in brief motivational treatments for high-risk drinkers. Although Dr. Martens has had two R21 grants from NIAAA, he has not yet been successful in obtaining R01 support to enable him to take on more ambitious projects. Like Dr. Kerns, a primary goal is to provide mentoring in the areas of framing research questions and effective grantsmanship so that he can be more successful competing for R01-type funding. Ian Gizer is a clinical psychologist with postdoctoral training in genetics. He is a very early career scientist, having just finished his postdoctoral training in 2010. Although the most junior of the three, he is PI on a multiple PI grant from NIDA that was written while he was still a postdoc. However, in order for him to be successful in his tenure track position, he will need to demonstrate the ability to set up an independent research program at Missouri, mentor graduate students and postdocs, and obtain R01 (or equivalent) support independent of senior colleague collaborators. For all applicants, mentoring will involve providing guidance and support with respect to grantsmanship and development of mentees' research programs and also on more general professional development. Particularly attention will be given to working with mentees on their own effectiveness as mentors to graduate students and postdoctoral trainees. The candidate plans to continue to pursue a broad research program that seeks to characterize core etiological processes in alcoholism with particular emphasis on understanding the life course of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in the context of comorbid psychopathology and human development. In addition, the Candidate proposes to undertake a new research program, begun in the first budget period, to develop new approaches to classifying and modeling alcohol-use disorders and related psychopathology.