External, High-Intensity Proton Injector with Ultra-Precise Control for Fast Spot Beam Scanning PBRT

具有超精确控制功能的外部高强度质子注射器，用于快速点束扫描 PBRT

• 批准号: 8906450
• 负责人: Timothy A Antaya
• 金额: $ 165.13万
• 依托单位: ANTAYA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-22 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8906450
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Adoption; Adverse effects; Affect; Ammonia; Anodes; Basic Science; Benchmarking; Cathodes; Charge; Clinic; Code; Collimator; Cyclotrons; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Diagnostic radiologic examination; Dose; Electrons; Feedback; Future; Gases; Health; Hour; Hydrogen; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Isotopes; Laboratories; Magnetism; Maintenance; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Michigan; Modeling; Motion; Ocular orbit; Organ; Outcome; Particle Accelerators; Patients; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Plasma; Production; Property; Protons; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Reproducibility; Research; Research Activity; Research Project Grants; Risk; Roentgen Rays; Scanning; Science; Source; Spottings; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Treatment outcome; Universities; Variant; Work; base; beamline; cancer cell; cancer therapy; commercial application; conventional therapy; cost; design; improved; ion source; next generation; operation; particle; proton beam; proton therapy; prototype; tool; treatment planning; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Proton therapy particle accelerators, usually cyclotrons, are large and expensive devices, and only about 1% of proton therapy treatment candidates have access to proton therapy. The research at Antaya Science and Technology aims to reduce the overall cost, simplify the operation, and increase the availability of proton therapy to all candidate patients. The proposed research activity aims to enable the use of an external ECR proton injector, operation at an order of magnitude higher intensity, and with ultra-precise beam control. Use of an ECR ion source eliminates the maintenance issues associated with internal ion sources, whose cathodes erode and require frequent replacement. ECR ion sources also allow order of magnitude higher proton intensities and reduce the amount of hydrogen gas present in the cyclotron, improving overall operation. Operating at an order of magnitude higher intensity allows, for the first time ever, treatment of tumors in a single breath-hold, reducing issues with organ motion. In combination with ultra-precise beam control, spot-to-spot intensity variation becomes possible, improving the efficiency of spot-beam-scanning (SBS) treatments. Treatment planning options will be expanded, and patient outcomes improved over conventional treatment. The research project will address the technical challenge of injecting high-intensity, low-velocity protons into the center of a high-field compact cyclotron and successfully capturing them into orbits and accelerating them to extraction. Internal space charge is an issue at high intensity and energy below ~1 MeV. Benchmarked cyclotron design codes cannot presently analyze all the associated particle dynamics. The research strategy is therefore to build a prototype ion source, injector, high-field magnet, cyclotron central region, and extraction apparatus. Extensive diagnostics will enable the benchmarking of codes for future development. This Phase II work establishes a prototype high-intensity proton injection system for cyclotron accelerators and demonstrate all the key parameters required to ultimately commercialize the technology. Commercial applications include retrofits to extant machines, new proton therapy machines designed with high-intensity injection built-in, and applications outside radiation therapy including but not limited to isotope production cyclotrons, basic research cyclotrons, and proton radiography. This research will de-risk the technology and bring it to market years earlier; more importantly, the research will resul in advanced spot-beam-scanning technology reaching the clinic years earlier, improving patient treatment and outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：质子治疗粒子加速器（通常是回旋加速器）是大型且昂贵的设备，只有约 1% 的质子治疗候选者能够接受质子治疗。安塔亚科技公司的研究旨在降低总体成本、简化操作并提高所有候选患者接受质子治疗的可能性。 拟议的研究活动旨在实现外部 ECR 质子注射器的使用、以高一个数量级的强度运行以及超精确的光束控制。使用 ECR 离子源消除了与内部离子源相关的维护问题，内部离子源的阴极会受到腐蚀，需要经常更换。 ECR 离子源还可以提高质子强度并减少回旋加速器中存在的氢气量，从而改善整体运行。在更高一个数量级的操作强度下，有史以来第一次可以在一次屏气中治疗肿瘤，从而减少器官运动问题。与超精确光束控制相结合，点与点之间的强度变化成为可能，从而提高点光束扫描 (SBS) 治疗的效率。治疗计划选择将得到扩大，患者的治疗效果也将优于传统治疗。 该研究项目将解决将高强度、低速质子注入高场致密体中心的技术挑战 回旋加速器并成功地将它们捕获到轨道并加速它们以提取。在高强度和能量低于约 1 MeV 时，内部空间电荷是一个问题。基准回旋加速器设计代码目前无法分析所有相关的粒子动力学。因此，研究策略是建造原型离子源、注入器、高场磁体、回旋加速器中心区域和提取装置。广泛的诊断将为未来的开发提供代码基准测试。 这项第二阶段工作为回旋加速器建立了原型高强度质子注入系统，并演示了最终将该技术商业化所需的所有关键参数。商业应用包括对现有机器的改造、内置高强度注射设计的新型质子治疗机以及放射治疗之外的应用，包括但不限于同位素生产回旋加速器、基础研究回旋加速器和质子放射照相术。这项研究将降低该技术的风险，并提前几年将其推向市场；更重要的是，该研究将导致先进的点束扫描技术提前几年进入临床，改善患者的治疗和结果。