Low-Dose MRI-Compatible Molecular Breast Imaging Device

描述（由申请人提供）：对比增强MRI已被证明是年轻女性和/或X线致密乳腺女性乳腺癌早期诊断的一种非常敏感的方式。美国癌症协会建议，终生风险大于20%的高危女性应每年接受乳腺MRI筛查。根据医生和研究特征，MRI可能具有较高的假阳性率（报告的特异性低至81%），这可能导致许多不必要的程序甚至过度治疗。正电子发射乳腺X射线摄影（“PEM”）是最初由提交提案的主要研究者发明的乳腺特异性高分辨率分子成像系统，已被证明具有高阴性预测值。因此，将PEM系统集成到MRI中进行组合成像可能会提高诊断准确性。此外，最近PET/CT和PET/MR临床系统的商业化已经导致肿瘤学界广泛接受解剖学和分子成像的组合。因此，本申请的目标是设计和构建可与MRI扫描仪结合使用的PEM系统。本项目开发的PEM/MRI系统可用于癌症检测、乳腺癌患者的个性化护理以及预防和治疗新药的开发。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Contrast-enhanced MRI has been proven to be a very sensitive modality for the early diagnosis of breast cancer in young women and/or in women with radiographically-dense breasts. The American Cancer Society recommends that high-risk women with lifetime risk greater than 20% should receive annual breast MRI screening. Depending on the practitioner and study characteristics, MRI may have a high false positive rate (with specificity reported as low as 81%), which can lead to many unnecessary procedures or even over-treatment. Positron emission mammography ("PEM"), the breast-specific high-resolution molecular imaging system originally invented by the PI of the submitted proposal, has been demonstrated to have a high negative predictive value. Integrating a PEM system into MRI for combined imaging is therefore likely to increase diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the recent commercialization of PET/CT and PET/MR clinical systems has led to wide acceptance in the oncology community for combined anatomic and molecular imaging. The goal of this application is therefore to design and construct a PEM system that could be used in conjunction with an MRI scanner. The developed PEM/MRI system in this project could be used in cancer detection, in personalizing care for breast cancer patients, and in the development of new drugs for prevention and therapy.