Low-Dose MRI-Compatible Molecular Breast Imaging Device

描述(申请人提供)：对比增强MRI已被证明是一种非常敏感的早期诊断方法，可用于年轻女性和/或具有高密度乳房的女性的乳腺癌早期诊断。美国癌症协会建议，终生风险大于20%的高危女性应该每年接受乳房核磁共振检查。根据从业者和研究特点的不同，MRI可能会有很高的假阳性率(特异度低至81%)，这可能会导致许多不必要的程序，甚至过度治疗。正电子发射乳房X光照相(PEM)，最初由提交建议书的PI发明的针对乳房的高分辨率分子成像系统，已被证明具有很高的负面预测价值。因此，将PEM系统集成到MRI中进行组合成像可能会提高诊断准确率。此外，最近PET/CT和PET/MR临床系统的商业化使联合解剖和分子成像在肿瘤学社区得到了广泛的接受。因此，该应用程序的目标是设计和构建一种可与核磁共振扫描仪结合使用的PEM系统。本项目中开发的PEM/MRI系统可用于癌症检测、乳腺癌患者的个性化护理以及预防和治疗新药的开发。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Contrast-enhanced MRI has been proven to be a very sensitive modality for the early diagnosis of breast cancer in young women and/or in women with radiographically-dense breasts. The American Cancer Society recommends that high-risk women with lifetime risk greater than 20% should receive annual breast MRI screening. Depending on the practitioner and study characteristics, MRI may have a high false positive rate (with specificity reported as low as 81%), which can lead to many unnecessary procedures or even over-treatment. Positron emission mammography ("PEM"), the breast-specific high-resolution molecular imaging system originally invented by the PI of the submitted proposal, has been demonstrated to have a high negative predictive value. Integrating a PEM system into MRI for combined imaging is therefore likely to increase diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the recent commercialization of PET/CT and PET/MR clinical systems has led to wide acceptance in the oncology community for combined anatomic and molecular imaging. The goal of this application is therefore to design and construct a PEM system that could be used in conjunction with an MRI scanner. The developed PEM/MRI system in this project could be used in cancer detection, in personalizing care for breast cancer patients, and in the development of new drugs for prevention and therapy.