Low-Dose MRI-Compatible Molecular Breast Imaging Device

描述（由申请人提供）：对比增强MRI已被证明是一种非常敏感的方式，可用于年轻女性和/或乳房放射学致密的女性的乳腺癌早期诊断。美国癌症协会建议，终身风险超过20%的高危女性应该每年接受乳房核磁共振检查。根据不同的从业者和研究特点，MRI可能有很高的假阳性率（特异性低至81%），这可能导致许多不必要的手术甚至过度治疗。正电子发射乳房x线照相术（PEM）是由提交提案的PI最初发明的乳房特异性高分辨率分子成像系统，已被证明具有很高的阴性预测值。因此，将PEM系统集成到MRI中进行联合成像可能会提高诊断准确性。此外，最近PET/CT和PET/MR临床系统的商业化已经导致肿瘤界广泛接受结合解剖和分子成像。因此，本应用程序的目标是设计和构建一个可以与MRI扫描仪结合使用的PEM系统。本项目开发的PEM/MRI系统可用于癌症检测、乳腺癌患者个性化护理以及预防和治疗新药的开发。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Contrast-enhanced MRI has been proven to be a very sensitive modality for the early diagnosis of breast cancer in young women and/or in women with radiographically-dense breasts. The American Cancer Society recommends that high-risk women with lifetime risk greater than 20% should receive annual breast MRI screening. Depending on the practitioner and study characteristics, MRI may have a high false positive rate (with specificity reported as low as 81%), which can lead to many unnecessary procedures or even over-treatment. Positron emission mammography ("PEM"), the breast-specific high-resolution molecular imaging system originally invented by the PI of the submitted proposal, has been demonstrated to have a high negative predictive value. Integrating a PEM system into MRI for combined imaging is therefore likely to increase diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the recent commercialization of PET/CT and PET/MR clinical systems has led to wide acceptance in the oncology community for combined anatomic and molecular imaging. The goal of this application is therefore to design and construct a PEM system that could be used in conjunction with an MRI scanner. The developed PEM/MRI system in this project could be used in cancer detection, in personalizing care for breast cancer patients, and in the development of new drugs for prevention and therapy.