Air pollution effects on asthma and lung function in Hispanic children

描述（由申请人提供）： 西班牙裔美国人在迄今为止进行的空气污染研究中几乎没有受到直接关注，尽管他们是一个不断增长的少数群体，现在在美国许多地区代表了大多数人口。自我认定的西班牙裔是一个异质性的人口与祖先（和相应的暴露和健康分布），差异很大，在个人之间。在本项目中，我们将解决以下四个假设：“假设1： 西班牙裔白色（HW）儿童比非西班牙裔白色（NHW）儿童更容易暴露于空气污染。假设2：空气污染对儿童哮喘和肺功能发育的影响在HW儿童中比在NHW儿童中更大。假设3：西班牙裔美国人的潜在祖先与儿童暴露于空气污染的差异有关。“假设4：准确评估西班牙裔人口的空气污染风险需要考虑潜在血统的可能混淆和修改影响。为了解决这些假设，我们将利用儿童健康研究（CHS）中的现有数据，包括超过12，000名儿童的纵向呼吸健康数据，其中40%（4，800）为西班牙裔。我们将利用16年来记录的大量空气污染数据，研究几种标准污染物的暴露和健康影响，包括PM10，PM2.5，NO2和O3，以及与交通暴露相关的其他污染物（例如NO，元素碳，金属）。我们还将利用现有的基因型数据，以准确地描述我们的西班牙裔人口的祖先异质性。我们将研究这种异质性与污染暴露的关系，以及它如何影响人口水平的风险估计。我们将使用复杂的统计模型，并将在分析中仔细考虑广泛的其他辅助因素（例如社会经济地位，二手烟草烟雾）。该项目的成功完成将大大提高我们对西班牙裔美国人的空气污染暴露和相应健康影响的理解，西班牙裔美国人是美国人口众多且不断增长的人口。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hispanic-Americans have received little direct attention in air-pollution studies conducted to date, despite the fact that they are a growing minority and now represent the majority population in many areas of the United States. Self-identified Hispanics are a heterogeneous population with ancestries (and corresponding exposure and health distributions) that vary substantially across individuals. In this project, we will address the following four hypotheses: " Hypothesis 1: Hispanic white (HW) children are more highly exposed to air pollution than non-Hispanic white (NHW) children. " Hypothesis 2: The effect of air pollution on childhood asthma and lung function development is greater in HW children than in NHW children. "Hypothesis 3: Underlying ancestry within Hispanics is associated with differences in childhood exposure to air pollution." Hypothesis 4: Accurate assessment of air pollution risks in a Hispanic population requires accounting for the possible confounding and modifying effects of underlying ancestry. To address these hypotheses, we will capitalize on existing data in the Children's Health Study (CHS), including longitudinal respiratory health data on over 12,000 children, with 40% (4,800) of Hispanic descent. We will utilize extensive air pollution data recorded over 16 years to study exposures and health effects of several criteria pollutants, including PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3, and additional pollutants related to traffic exposure (e.g. NO, elemental carbon, metals). We will also utilize existing genotype data to accurately characterize the ancestral heterogeneity within our Hispanic population. We will examine how that heterogeneity relates to pollution exposure and in turn how it affects population-level estimates of risk. We will use sophisticated statistical models and will carefully consider a wide range of additional cofactors (e.g. socio- economic status, second-hand tobacco smoke) in our analyses. Successful completion of this project will significantly advance our understanding of air pollution exposures and corresponding health effects in Hispanics, a large and growing population in the United States.