Dynamic Aspects of Olfactory Signal Transduction

嗅觉信号转导的动态方面

基本信息

批准号：
8870719
负责人：
JOHANNES REISERT
金额：
$ 0.56万
依托单位：
MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-03-01 至 2016-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8870719
关键词：
A Mouse Action Potentials Address Affect Air Animals Behavioral Brain Breathing Cell physiology Cells Cilia Code Complex Coupled Cyclic AMP Detection Discrimination Electrophysiology (science)Environment Family Food Frequencies G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling G-Protein-Coupled Receptors GTP-Binding Proteins Generations Genome Goals Health Heart Hormonal Human Ion Channel Kinetics Life Mammals Mate Selections Monitor Mus Nasal cavity Neurons Noise Odorant Receptors Odors Olfactory Receptor Neurons Organism Pattern Peripheral Physiology Process Proteins Regulation Reporting Role Sampling Second Messenger Systems Sensory Shapes Signal Transduction Simulate Smell Perception Source Specificity Speed Stimulus Techniques Time Vertebrates Work base behavior test design information processing insight knockout animal member mouse olfactory marker protein olfactory bulb olfactory marker protein olfactory receptor protein function receptor response second messenger

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Animals live in an environment of constantly changing and complex odorous signals, which are delivered by the inhaled air to olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the nasal cavity. ORNs recognize odorants and convert odorant stimulation into action potentials to be conveyed to the first relay station in the brain, the olfactory bulb. This is achieved by activation of odorant receptors, leading to cAMP generation via a G protein-coupled cascade and the opening of ion channels present on the olfactory cilia and subsequent depolarization. Odorant specificity is provided by the expression of only one type of odorant receptor in a given ORN out of ~1000 different receptors in mice and 350 in humans. Most major components of olfactory signal transduction have been identified. Our goal is to determine what limits and controls the kinetics with which olfactory transduction components interact, how this controls action potential generation and coding and what the behavioral implications are for, in particular, odorant discrimination and initiation of sniffing. Using electrophysiological techniques, we will investigate how mouse ORNs transduce odorant stimulation. Using rapid, repetitive stimulation designed to simulate high-frequency, sniffing-driven odorant delivery, we will establish whether ORNs merely report these rapid changes in odorant concentration or if in fact they themselves actively process this information in a stimulation-frequency-dependent manner. We will determine the functional role in olfactory transduction kinetics of olfactory marker protein (the function of which has not been found since its discovery in 1972) as well as determining the role of different odorant receptors in shaping the time-course of the odorant-induced response. The importance of fast and precise olfactory transduction will be studied using behavioral testing on genetically altered mice to investigate speed-accuracy tradeoff in odorant identification. Monitoring the breathing frequency during active olfactory exploration will allow us to establish the contribution of ORN kinetics and peripheral-versus-central influence on controlling changes in breathing and sniffing rates.

描述（由申请人提供）：动物生活在不断变化且复杂的有臭的信号的环境中，这些信号由吸入空气传递到鼻腔中的嗅觉受体神经元（ORNS）。 ORN识别气味剂并将气味刺激转化为要传达到大脑中第一个继电器嗅球的动作电位。这是通过激活气味受体来实现的，从而通过G蛋白偶联的级联反应和嗅觉纤毛上存在的离子通道的开口和随后的去极化来实现。在〜1000种不同受体中，在小鼠中仅表达一种类型的气味受体，在人类中只能表达一种类型的气味受体。已经确定了嗅觉信号转导的大多数主要组成部分。我们的目标是确定嗅觉转导组件相互作用的动力学的限制和控制，这如何控制动作电位的生成和编码以及行为含义是什么对嗅探的气味歧视和开始。使用电生理技术，我们将研究小鼠ORNS如何转导气味刺激。使用旨在模拟高频，嗅探的气味传递的快速，重复的刺激，我们将确定ORN是否仅报告气味浓度的这些快速变化，或者实际上它们自己本身以刺激频率依赖性的方式积极处理此信息。我们将确定嗅觉标记蛋白的嗅觉转导动力学的功能作用（自1972年发现以来未发现其功能），并确定不同气味受体在塑造气味诱导反应的时间过程中的作用。快速，精确的嗅觉转导的重要性将使用对遗传变化的小鼠的行为测试研究，以研究气味鉴定中的速度准确性折衷。监测主动嗅觉探索过程中的呼吸频率将使我们能够建立Orn动力学和中周围与中心对控制呼吸和嗅探率变化的影响的贡献。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Comparing thoracic and intra-nasal pressure transients to monitor active odor sampling during odor-guided decision making in the mouse.

DOI：
10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.09.006
发表时间：
2014-01-15
期刊：
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
影响因子：
3
作者：
Reisert, Johannes;Golden, Glen J.;Matsumura, Koichi;Smear, Matt;Rinberg, Dmitry;Gelperin, Alan
通讯作者：
Gelperin, Alan

The Ca2+-activated Cl- channel TMEM16B regulates action potential firing and axonal targeting in olfactory sensory neurons.