Obesity, Stress, and Neuromuscular Function in the Elderly

老年人的肥胖、压力和神经肌肉功能

基本信息

批准号：
8958152
负责人：
Ranjana Mehta
金额：
$ 34.75万
依托单位：
TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-15 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8958152
关键词：
Activities of Daily Living Adult Affect Age-Years Aging American Award Biological Neural Networks Biomechanics Biomedical Research Brain Brain region Career Choice Complex Data Dementia Dependence Development Elderly Environment Equilibrium Exercise Fall prevention Fatigue Goals Health Health Sciences Hemoglobin Human Imaging Techniques Impairment Intervention Knee Knowledge Laboratories Life Link Locomotion Lower Extremity Measures Mental Depression Mental Health Monitor Motor Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal System Nature Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neuraxis Non obese Obesity Older Population Outcome Participant Pattern Performance Physical Function Physical activity Population Prevalence Prevention strategy Process Public Health Public Health Schools Publishing Quality of life Reporting Research Stress Structure Testing Texas Therapeutic Upper Extremity Walking Work base cognitive control cognitive function control trial evidence base exhaustion falls frontal lobe graduate student grasp healthy aging improved motor control motor impairment multidisciplinary neural patterning neuroimaging neuromechanism neuromuscular neuromuscular function optical imaging physical conditioning public health relevance relating to nervous system young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Advancing age is associated with progressive decline in neuromuscular function, owing to changes in the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal system that dramatically reduces functional independence and quality of life of older adults. An additional and significant concern in the older population is the alarming rate of increase in obesity prevalence. Approximately 40% of older adults are obese and it is estimated that nearly half of adults above 65 years of age will be obese by 2030. The burdening effects of obesity on the aging musculoskeletal system have been linked to falls, mobility impairments and decreased physical activity. However, very little information is available on obesity related changes in functional brain activation during fatigue development, defined as the fall of maximal force-generating capacity, in older adults. Additionally, stress among older adults is a growing public health concern that can adversely impact healthy aging, and can further exacerbate neuromuscular functioning in the obese older population; however, no published data exist to date. The objective of this project is to examine the impact of obesity and stress on neural activation patterns associated with upper and lower extremity neuromuscular function critical to important activities of daily living such as holding/grasping and balance/locomotion in adults 65 years or older. In addition to biomechanical outcomes of neuromuscular function, the proposed work will incorporate functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to define the unique patterns of functional brain activity associated with obesity and stress in older adults. Based on our preliminary work, we hypothesize that an obesity-related decline in neuromuscular function across different tasks and stress conditions will be associated with unique neural activation patterns observed in task-related brain regions. The hypothesis will be tested with two specific aims. We will identify obesity-specific neural activation patterns associated with neuromuscular fatigue in older adults (Aim 1) and determine the impact of stress on neuromuscular control and associated neural activation patterns in non-obese and obese older adults (Aim 2). Outcomes expected here are important because they will provide a level of analysis - brain function - that previously has been absent from biomechanical reports of physical functioning with obesity in the elderly. Promoting brain health throughout life is an important public health goal. Thus, this study can be expected to have a positive impact on improving therapeutic/preventive strategies aimed at enhancing brain, and subsequent physical and mental, health for the growing number of obese elderly Americans.

描述（由适用提供）：增长年龄与神经肌肉功能的逐步下降有关，这是由于中枢神经系统的变化和肌肉骨骼系统大大降低了老年人的功能独立性和生活质量。老年人的另一个额外的重要关注是令人震惊的速度肥胖症患病率的增加。大约40％的老年人肥胖，据估计，到2030年，几乎一半以上的65岁以上的成年人将肥胖。肥胖对衰老的肌肉骨骼系统的燃烧作用与跌倒，移动性障碍和体育活动减少有关。但是，在疲劳发育过程中，几乎没有关于肥胖相关的功能性脑激活变化的信息，这被定义为老年人最大力量产生能力的衰落。此外，老年人的压力是越来越多的公共卫生问题，可能会对健康的衰老产生不利影响，并且可以进一步超出肥胖老年人群的神经肌肉功能。但是，迄今为止尚无公开数据。该项目的目的是检查肥胖和压力对与日常生活重要活动至关重要的上肢和下肢神经肌肉功能相关的神经元激活模式的影响，例如65岁或以上的成年人持有/抓握和平衡/运动。除了神经肌肉功能的生物力学结局外，所提出的工作还将结合近红外光谱（FNIRS）的功能性，以定义与老年人肥胖和压力相关的功能性脑活动的独特模式。基于我们的初步工作，我们假设在不同任务和压力条件下，神经肌肉功能的下降将与在与任务相关的大脑区域中观察到的独特神经元激活模式有关。该假设将以两个具体目标进行检验。我们将在老年人中确定与神经肌肉疲劳相关的肥胖特异性神经元激活模式（AIM 1），并确定压力对非肥胖和肥胖老年人中神经肌肉控制和相关神经元激活模式的影响（AIM 2）。预期的结果很重要，因为它们将提供一定程度的分析 - 大脑功能 - 以前从古老的肥胖症的物理功能报告中没有生物力学报告。一生促进大脑健康是一个重要的公共卫生目标。这样一来，这项研究可以预计将对旨在增强大脑的治疗/预防策略产生积极影响，以及随后的身体和心理，对日益增长的肥胖小学人的健康。