Strategies to Prevent Infection and Reduce Inter-individual Transmission (SPIRIT)

 描述(由申请人提供)：我们建议建立一个疾控中心预防中心，名为“预防感染和减少个人间传播的策略”(SPIRIT)。我们的总体目标是通过科学和实践的进步来改善对病原体传播的控制，方法是改善对传播机制的了解，并实施新的战略，以防止病原体在医疗保健环境中传播。我们将指导广泛的研究组合，解决个人、人口和组织层面上的感染预防方面的关键挑战。我们为疾控中心预防震中计划提供的资源将广泛有益于其改善医疗质量和患者安全的使命。我们的工作与退伍军人管理局内的运营合作伙伴和合作者以及我们所属的学术医疗中心密切相关。这些连接提供了充分的途径进入将作为临床实验室的卫生系统。我们积累了在整个护理过程中实施预防感染和抗击抗生素耐药性的干预措施的能力和经验。此外，我们还开发了一个计算环境，以支持退伍军人事务部(退伍军人事务部)卫生系统内感染的全面流行病学分析。我们的研究将集中在传播的测量和建模、个人防护装备的遵守以及控制战略的区域协调。有关患者因素、医疗实践和干预策略如何影响传播的知识积累得太慢，无法对新出现的威胁做出灵活的反应。将新的感染建模方法应用于退伍军人管理局内存在的重要电子数据资源，以检查多药耐药生物的传播率，我们将系统地评估这些因素，并提出有效的新实验。埃博拉和严重急性呼吸综合征等新出现的病原体向医护人员传播，暴露了医护人员如何穿着和脱下个人防护装备(PPE)的问题。我们将应用依附工程中的方法来重新设计设备套件，以提高PPE在一系列任务中的有效使用。区域感染控制战略有可能防止新出现病原体的传播，但在采取有效协调行动方面面临重大障碍。我们将通过实施各种方法来应对这些挑战，以增强利益相关者之间的信任，增加信息流动，并支持与地方和州政府部门的协调。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to establish a CDC Prevention Epicenter called, "Strategies to Prevent Infection and Reduce Inter-individual Transmission" (SPIRIT). Our overall objective is to improve control of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms through advancement of science and practice by improving knowledge about mechanisms of transmission and implementing novel strategies to prevent dissemination of pathogens within healthcare settings. We will direct a broad research portfolio that addresses key challenges in infection prevention across individual, population, and organizational levels. The resources that we bring to the CDC Prevention Epicenter Program will be broadly beneficial to its mission to improve healthcare quality and patient safety. Our work is strongly tied to operational partners and collaborators within the VA, as well as the academic medical centers with which we are affiliated. These connections provide ample access to health systems that will serve as clinical laboratories. We have accumulated the capacity and experience to implement interventions to prevent infection and combat antibiotic resistance across the continuum of care. Moreover, we have developed a computational environment to support comprehensive epidemiological analysis of infections within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health System. Our research will focus on measurement and modelling of transmission, adherence to personal protective equipment, and regional coordination of control strategies. Knowledge about how patient factors, healthcare practices, and intervention strategies influence transmission is accumulating too slowly to enable nimble responses to emerging threats. Applying new methods of infection modeling to the remarkable electronic data resources that exist within the VA to examine transmission rates of multidrug resistant organisms, we will systematically evaluate these factors and propose efficient, new experiments. Transmission of emerging pathogens such as Ebola and severe acute respiratory syndrome to healthcare workers exposed problems in how health care workers don and doff personal protective equipment (PPE). We will apply methods drawn from adherence engineering to redesign equipment kits to enhance the effective use of PPE across a range of tasks. Regional strategies for infection control have the potential to prevent the spread of emergent pathogens, but face substantial barriers to effective coordinated action. We will address these challenges through implementation of approaches to enhance trust among stakeholders, increase information flow, and support alignment with local and state departments.