Strategies to Prevent Infection and Reduce Inter-individual Transmission (SPIRIT)

预防感染和减少人际传播的策略 (SPIRIT)

• 批准号: 9076955
• 负责人: MATTHEW H SAMORE
• 金额: $ 220万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-30 至 2018-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9076955
• 关键词: Strategies; Prevent; Infection; Reduce; Inter

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to establish a CDC Prevention Epicenter called, "Strategies to Prevent Infection and Reduce Inter-individual Transmission" (SPIRIT). Our overall objective is to improve control of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms through advancement of science and practice by improving knowledge about mechanisms of transmission and implementing novel strategies to prevent dissemination of pathogens within healthcare settings. We will direct a broad research portfolio that addresses key challenges in infection prevention across individual, population, and organizational levels. The resources that we bring to the CDC Prevention Epicenter Program will be broadly beneficial to its mission to improve healthcare quality and patient safety. Our work is strongly tied to operational partners and collaborators within the VA, as well as the academic medical centers with which we are affiliated. These connections provide ample access to health systems that will serve as clinical laboratories. We have accumulated the capacity and experience to implement interventions to prevent infection and combat antibiotic resistance across the continuum of care. Moreover, we have developed a computational environment to support comprehensive epidemiological analysis of infections within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health System. Our research will focus on measurement and modelling of transmission, adherence to personal protective equipment, and regional coordination of control strategies. Knowledge about how patient factors, healthcare practices, and intervention strategies influence transmission is accumulating too slowly to enable nimble responses to emerging threats. Applying new methods of infection modeling to the remarkable electronic data resources that exist within the VA to examine transmission rates of multidrug resistant organisms, we will systematically evaluate these factors and propose efficient, new experiments. Transmission of emerging pathogens such as Ebola and severe acute respiratory syndrome to healthcare workers exposed problems in how health care workers don and doff personal protective equipment (PPE). We will apply methods drawn from adherence engineering to redesign equipment kits to enhance the effective use of PPE across a range of tasks. Regional strategies for infection control have the potential to prevent the spread of emergent pathogens, but face substantial barriers to effective coordinated action. We will address these challenges through implementation of approaches to enhance trust among stakeholders, increase information flow, and support alignment with local and state departments.

 描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议建立一个CDC预防中心，称为“预防感染和减少个体间传播的策略”（SPIRIT）。我们的总体目标是通过提高对传播机制的认识和实施预防病原体在医疗机构内传播的新策略，通过科学和实践的进步来改善对病原微生物传播的控制。我们将指导广泛的研究组合，以解决在个人，人口和组织层面的感染预防的关键挑战。我们为疾病预防控制中心预防中心计划带来的资源将广泛有益于其提高医疗质量和患者安全的使命。我们的工作与VA内的业务合作伙伴和合作者以及我们所属的学术医疗中心密切相关。这些连接为利用将作为临床实验室的卫生系统提供了充足的机会。我们已经积累了实施干预措施的能力和经验，以在整个护理过程中预防感染和对抗抗生素耐药性。此外，我们已经开发了一个计算环境，以支持在退伍军人事务部（VA）卫生系统内的感染的综合流行病学分析。我们的研究将集中在传输的测量和建模，坚持个人防护设备，以及控制策略的区域协调。关于患者因素、医疗实践和干预策略如何影响传播的知识积累得太慢，无法对新出现的威胁做出灵活反应。将感染建模的新方法应用于VA内存在的显着电子数据资源，以检查多药耐药生物体的传播率，我们将系统地评估这些因素，并提出有效的新实验。埃博拉病毒和严重急性呼吸系统综合征等新出现的病原体向医护人员的传播暴露了医护人员如何穿戴个人防护设备（PPE）的问题。我们将应用从粘附工程中提取的方法来重新设计设备套件，以提高PPE在一系列任务中的有效使用。区域感染控制战略有可能防止新出现的病原体的传播，但在采取有效的协调行动方面面临重大障碍。我们将通过实施各种方法来应对这些挑战，以增强利益相关者之间的信任，增加信息流，并支持与地方和州部门的协调。