Control of procedural learning by parallel cortico-basal ganglia pathways

通过平行皮质基底神经节通路控制程序学习

基本信息

批准号：
8823455
负责人：
Sarah W Bottjer
金额：
$ 24.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-01 至 2016-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8823455
关键词：
Acute Adolescent Animal Model Basal Ganglia Behavior Behavioral Birds Brain Cell Nucleus Data Development Disease Evaluation Feedback Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Goals Habits Human Huntington Disease Instruction Investigation Knowledge Lead Learning Link Mediating Memory Mental disorders Modeling Motor Motor output Movement Neurons Neurophysiology - biologic function Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Outcome Output Parkinson Disease Pathway interactions Pattern Performance Phase Play Population Process Production Psychological reinforcement Recurrence Rett Syndrome Rewards Role Shapes Signal Transduction Site Songbirds Source Speech Staging Stereotyped Behavior Stereotyping Study models Testing Time autism spectrum disorder awake base experience habit learning microstimulation motor control motor learning neural circuit neuromechanism neuroregulation prevent public health relevance relating to nervous system research study skills sound vocal learning vocalization

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recurrent circuits linking the cortex and basal ganglia in the mammalian brain mediate various types of procedural learning, such as acquisition of behavioral skills resulting in a habitual sequence of movements. Parallel cortico-basal ganglia circuits control distinct but related functions during acquisition of stereotyped motor habits: (1) evaluating specific behavioral actions in relation to a goal and (2) guiding motor performance to select appropriate actions. A fundamental question with regard to mechanisms of procedural learning is: how do neural circuits evaluate behavioral outcomes and use those evaluations in order to achieve the correct behavioral goal? Vocal learning in songbirds represents a type of procedural learning in which self-produced vocalizations are evaluated via feedback and progressively refined to achieve an imitation of memorized vocal sounds. This process requires the brain to compare feedback of current vocal behavior to the goal - the memory of vocal sounds. We have discovered that parallel CORE and SHELL cortico-basal ganglia pathways control goal-oriented versus motor-related aspects of vocal learning in songbird brain, thus providing a powerful model to study neural mechanisms of procedural learning that lead to stereotyped motor habits. We will investigate mechanisms by which parallel CORE and SHELL pathways support early stages of vocal learning as a model for how cortico-basal ganglia circuits mediate "action-outcome" evaluations. The proposed experiments will test the idea that SHELL circuitry is a primary site of comparison of behavioral feedback to the neural memory of vocal sounds, and that the results of this goal-oriented learning are necessary for accurate imitation of vocal sounds. We will record neural activity of single neurons in SHELL circuits in awake behaving songbirds as they are actively engaged in learning in order to test how evaluative signals are generated depending on whether behavioral feedback matches the goal memory of vocal sounds. We will also alter normal neural activity in SHELL circuits in juvenile singing birds to test whether disruption of evaluative signals impairs learning of specific vocal sounds. These studies will elucidate mechanisms of goal-oriented evaluation and how they influence initial stages of procedural learning. Investigations of procedural learning and its neural substrate are essential for understanding a variety of disorders involving stereotypic behaviors, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, obsessive-compulsive disorders, Tourette syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, and Rett syndrome.

描述（由申请人提供）：哺乳动物大脑中皮质和基底神经节的经常性电路介导了各种类型的程序学习，例如获得行为技能，导致运动习惯性运动。平行的皮质 - 巴萨神经节电路控制着刻板的运动习惯的不同但相关的功能：（1）评估与目标有关的特定行为行动，以及（2）指导运动性能以选择适当的动作。关于程序学习机制的一个基本问题是：神经回路如何评估行为结果并使用这些评估以实现正确的行为目标？鸣禽中的声带学习代表了一种程序学习，其中通过反馈评估自我产生的声音，并逐步完善以模仿记忆的声音。这个过程要求大脑将当前声音行为的反馈与目标的记忆进行比较。我们发现，平行的核心和壳皮层神经节途径控制鸣禽大脑中声带学习的目标与运动相关的方面，从而提供了一个强大的模型来研究程序学习的神经机制，从而导致刻板印象的运动习惯。我们将研究通过这些机制，通过这些机制，平行核心和壳途径支持声带学习的早期阶段，以此作为如何介导“动作结果”评估的Cortico-Basal神经节电路的模型。提出的实验将测试以下想法：壳电路是将行为反馈与声音神经记忆进行比较的主要站点，并且这种面向目标学习的结果对于准确模仿声音是必要的。我们将在壳电路中记录单个神经元的神经活动，因为它们积极参与学习，以测试如何生成评估信号，这取决于行为反馈是否与声音的目标记忆相匹配。我们还将改变少年歌唱鸟类中壳电路中的正常神经活动，以测试评估信号的破坏是否会损害特定声音的学习。这些研究将阐明面向目标评估的机制，以及它们如何影响程序学习的初始阶段。对程序学习及其神经底物的研究对于理解涉及刻板印象行为的多种疾病至关重要，包括帕金森氏病，亨廷顿氏病，痴迷的强迫症，图雷特综合征，自闭症谱系疾病和RETT综合征。