Risk Processing, Alcohol Use, and College Women's Sexual Victimization

风险处理、饮酒和大学女性的性受害

• 批准号: 8798550
• 负责人: Elizabeth Yeater
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-02-05 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8798550
• 关键词: Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Attitude; Complement; Crime; Development; Disinhibition; Eating; Ethnic Origin; Forcible intercourse; Future; General Population; Generations; Goals; Health; Intervention; Judgment; Lead; Link; Mediating; Mental Health; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Participant; Pattern; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Pregnancy; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Solutions; Testing; Theoretical model; Victimization; Woman; Work; alcohol expectancy; alcohol risk; base; college; cost; experience; follow-up; high risk; information processing; innovation; men; perpetrators; physical conditioning; response; revictimization; risk perception; sexual assault; sexual victimization; social; social situation; therapy development; trait; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): College women report high rates of sexual victimization (Fisher et al., 2000; Koss et al., 1987). One of the more serious consequences of sexual victimization is that, once victimized, women are at increased risk for future victimization (Gidycz et al., 1993; Messman-Moore & Long, 2003). To date, the mechanisms responsible for both sexual victimization and revictimization remain unclear. Thus, research that identifies etiological factors that increase women's risk for sexual victimization and revictimization is of great importance from a public health perspective, as this information will help inform the development of future interventions for women who are at risk for being victimized. The goal of the proposed study is to test a theoretical model of women's risk for sexual victimization. This model posits that difficulties judging risk and choosing risk-reducing responses to social situations mediate the relationship between a history of sexual victimization and revictimization. It also posits that these difficulties will predict future victimization, regardless of whether womn report a previous victimization experience. Due to the robust relationship between alcohol use and risk for sexual victimization (Abbey et al., 2000; Gidycz et al., 2007), it is expected that aspects of women's alcohol use, specifically, alcohol problems and expectancies that alcohol enhances sexual experience, will moderate the associations among the model constructs. Exploratory goals of the present work are to examine the effects of psychopathology, sexual attitudes, trait disinhibition, ethnicity, and any occurrence of victimization during the study on women's risk judgments and response choices. To test this theoretical model, college women will be followed prospectively for 6 months. At baseline, participants will complete tasks assessing their risk judgments and response choices to risky dating and social situations. They also will complete questionnaires assessing past victimization experiences, aspects of their alcohol use, psychopathology, sexual attitudes, and trait disinhibition. Participants will again complete the tasks and questionnaires at follow-up. The results of the proposed study will reveal whether difficulties with risk judgment and response choice predict sexual victimization among college women, as well as whether aspects of their alcohol use moderate this relationship.

描述（由申请人提供）：女大学生报告性受害率很高（Fisher等人，2000; Koss等人，1987年）。性侵害的一个比较严重的后果是，妇女一旦受害，今后受害的危险就增加 （Gidycz等人，1993; Messman-Moore & Long，2003）。迄今为止，造成性受害和再次受害的机制仍不清楚。因此，从公共卫生的角度来看，开展研究，查明增加妇女遭受性侵害和再次遭受性侵害风险的病因非常重要，因为这一信息将有助于为今后制定针对有遭受性侵害风险的妇女的干预措施提供信息。拟议研究的目标是检验妇女遭受性侵害风险的理论模型。这个模型假定，判断风险和选择减少风险的社会情况下的反应调解性受害和再次受害的历史之间的关系的困难。它还假定，这些困难将预测未来的受害，无论妇女是否报告以前的受害经历。由于酒精使用与性受害风险之间的密切关系（修道院等人，2000; Gidycz等人，2007年），预计女性饮酒的各个方面，特别是酒精问题和酒精增强性体验的预期，将缓和模型结构之间的关联。目前的工作的探索性目标是检查精神病理学的影响，性态度，特质去抑制，种族，和任何发生的受害妇女的风险判断和反应选择的研究。为了验证这一理论模型，大学女性将前瞻性地跟踪6个月。在基线时，参与者将完成任务，评估他们对风险约会和社交场合的风险判断和反应选择。他们还将完成问卷调查，评估过去的受害经历，他们的酒精使用，精神病理学，性态度和特质去抑制方面。参与者将在随访时再次完成任务和问卷。拟议研究的结果将揭示风险判断和反应选择的困难是否可以预测大学女性的性受害，以及她们饮酒的方面是否会调节这种关系。