Risk Processing, Alcohol Use, and College Women's Sexual Victimization

描述(由申请人提供)：女大学生报告的性被害率很高(Fisher等人，2000年；Koss等人，1987年)。性侵害的一个更严重的后果是，一旦受害，女性未来受害的风险就会增加 (Gidycz等人，1993；Messman-Moore&Long，2003)。到目前为止，性受害和再受害的机制仍然不清楚。因此，从公共卫生的角度来看，确定增加妇女遭受性侵害和再次受害风险的病因因素具有重要意义，因为这一信息将有助于为有受害风险的妇女制定未来的干预措施。这项拟议研究的目标是测试女性受性侵害风险的理论模型。这一模型假设，对风险的判断困难和对社会情况选择减少风险的反应的困难调停了性受害和再受害之间的关系。它还假设，无论妇女是否报告了以前的受害经历，这些困难都将预测未来的受害情况。由于酒精使用与性侵害风险之间的密切关系(Abbey等人，2000年；Gidycz等人，2007年)，预计女性酒精使用的各个方面，特别是酒精问题和酒精增强性体验的预期，将缓和模型构建之间的关联。本研究的探索性目标是考察精神病理学、性态度、特质去抑制、种族以及在女性风险判断和反应选择研究中任何受害事件的影响。为了验证这一理论模型，研究人员对大学女生进行了6个月的前瞻性跟踪调查。在基线阶段，参与者将完成评估他们对危险约会和社交情况的风险判断和反应选择的任务。他们还将完成问卷调查，评估过去的受害经历、酒精使用的各个方面、精神病理学、性态度和特质去抑制。参与者将在后续工作中再次完成任务和问卷。这项拟议的研究结果将揭示，风险判断和反应选择方面的困难是否预示着大学女生的性受害行为，以及她们饮酒的各个方面是否缓和了这种关系。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): College women report high rates of sexual victimization (Fisher et al., 2000; Koss et al., 1987). One of the more serious consequences of sexual victimization is that, once victimized, women are at increased risk for future victimization (Gidycz et al., 1993; Messman-Moore & Long, 2003). To date, the mechanisms responsible for both sexual victimization and revictimization remain unclear. Thus, research that identifies etiological factors that increase women's risk for sexual victimization and revictimization is of great importance from a public health perspective, as this information will help inform the development of future interventions for women who are at risk for being victimized. The goal of the proposed study is to test a theoretical model of women's risk for sexual victimization. This model posits that difficulties judging risk and choosing risk-reducing responses to social situations mediate the relationship between a history of sexual victimization and revictimization. It also posits that these difficulties will predict future victimization, regardless of whether womn report a previous victimization experience. Due to the robust relationship between alcohol use and risk for sexual victimization (Abbey et al., 2000; Gidycz et al., 2007), it is expected that aspects of women's alcohol use, specifically, alcohol problems and expectancies that alcohol enhances sexual experience, will moderate the associations among the model constructs. Exploratory goals of the present work are to examine the effects of psychopathology, sexual attitudes, trait disinhibition, ethnicity, and any occurrence of victimization during the study on women's risk judgments and response choices. To test this theoretical model, college women will be followed prospectively for 6 months. At baseline, participants will complete tasks assessing their risk judgments and response choices to risky dating and social situations. They also will complete questionnaires assessing past victimization experiences, aspects of their alcohol use, psychopathology, sexual attitudes, and trait disinhibition. Participants will again complete the tasks and questionnaires at follow-up. The results of the proposed study will reveal whether difficulties with risk judgment and response choice predict sexual victimization among college women, as well as whether aspects of their alcohol use moderate this relationship.