Nexus of Risk: Sexual Assault, Alcohol Use, and Risky Sex among College Women

风险关系：女大学生的性侵犯、酗酒和危险性行为

• 批准号: 9883621
• 负责人: Elizabeth Yeater
• 金额: $ 18.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-05 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9883621
• 关键词: Adverse event; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Attitude; Behavior; Breeding; Control Groups; Data; Development; Eating Disorders; Ecological momentary assessment; Effectiveness; Epidemic; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Feedback; Forcible intercourse; Gap Junctions; Heavy Drinking; Individual Differences; Intervention; Kale - dietary; Life; Link; Memory; Mental Health; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical aggression; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Pregnancy; Prevention approach; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Students; Time; Victimization; Woman; Work; adverse outcome; alcohol expectancy; alcohol involvement; assault; binge drinking; college; compare effectiveness; condoms; cost effective; design; diaries; experience; follow-up; high risk; high risk population; high risk sexual behavior; information processing; innovation; novel; peer influence; physical conditioning; prevent; prospective; response; revictimization; sex; sexual assault; sexual risk taking; sexual victimization; sexual violence; social; social situation; undergraduate student; violence against women

PROJECT SUMMARY Sexual assault is a significant public health problem. The sequelae of victimization involve both mental and physical health problems (Bedard-Gilligan et al., 2011; Hughes et al., 2010), and once victimized, women are at significant increased risk for revictimization (Classen et al., 2005; Messman-Moore & Long, 2003). Sexual assault has reached epidemic proportions on college campuses, with undergraduate women reporting high rates of victimization (Krebs et al., 2007). Alcohol use is intimately intertwined with sexual violence (Abbey, 2011), as well as high-risk sexual behavior (Scott-Sheldon et al., 2010). Work on the situational precipitants of sexual assault has relied primarily on women's retrospective accounts, even though autobiographical memory is plagued by error (Bradburn et al., 1987). One way to obtain ecologically valid observations of these precipitants may be through Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). EMA data are collected in near real- time and are considered to have greater validity than retrospective accounts (Shiffman et al., 2008). The primary aim of this study will be to use EMA to obtain a better understanding of the contextual determinants of sexual assault, as well as the co-occurrence of victimization, risky sex, and substance use. This basic work then will inform the development of an Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI) for college women to reduce their risk. EMI would permit an opportunity to intervene prior to and during high-risk situations by providing women with personalized feedback about their level of risk for victimization and related adverse events. The secondary aim of this study will be to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effectiveness of EMA/EMI, relative to EMA-only and an assessment only control group, in decreasing rates of sexual assault, risky sexual behavior, and substance use. This RCT will be prospective in design and target women who are at increased risk for assault (freshman). If supported, this work would offer college campuses a cost-effective, easily disseminated approach to preventing assault and other adverse consequences.

项目摘要 性侵犯是一个严重的公共卫生问题。受害的后遗症包括精神和心理上的， 身体健康问题（Bedard-Gilligan等人，2011; Hughes等人，2010），一旦受害，妇女是 再次受害的风险显著增加（Classen等人，2005; Messman-Moore & Long，2003）。性 袭击在大学校园里已经达到了流行病的程度， 受害率（Krebs等人，2007年）。酒精的使用与性暴力密切相关（修道院， 2011），以及高风险性行为（Scott-Sheldon et al.，2010年）。研究的是 性侵犯主要依赖于女性的回顾性叙述，尽管自传体记忆 被错误所困扰（Bradburn等人，1987年）。一种方法是获得这些生态有效的观察结果， 沉淀物可以通过生态瞬时评估（EMA）。EMA数据以接近真实的方式收集- 时间和被认为有更大的有效性比追溯帐户（Shiffman等人，2008年）。的 本研究的主要目的是使用EMA来更好地理解 性侵犯，以及受害，危险性行为和物质使用的共同发生。这项基本工作 然后将告知生态瞬时干预（EMI）的发展，为大学女生减少 他们的风险。EMI将提供在高风险情况之前和期间进行干预的机会， 对妇女提供关于其受害风险和相关不良事件程度的个性化反馈。的 本研究的次要目的是进行一项随机对照试验（RCT）， EMA/EMI，相对于仅EMA和仅评估对照组，在降低性侵犯率方面， 危险的性行为和药物使用这项随机对照试验将是前瞻性的设计，目标女性为 增加攻击的风险（新生）。如果得到支持，这项工作将为大学校园提供一个具有成本效益的， 容易传播的方法，以防止攻击和其他不良后果。