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Measuring Human BAT Volume and Activity by Quantitative and Functional MRI

通过定量和功能 MRI 测量人体 BAT 体积和活动

基本信息

批准号：
8853859
负责人：
Jie Deng
金额：
$ 14.17万
依托单位：
LURIE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8853859
关键词：
Acute Address Adipocytes Adipose tissue Adolescent Adult Affect Aging Blood Volume Body Composition Body Weight decreased Body fat Body mass index Brown Fat Cardiovascular Diseases Cell Respiration Characteristics Chemicals Child Childhood Classification Clinical Cluster Analysis Comorbidity Deoxyglucose Detection Development Diabetes Mellitus Diet Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Epidemic Fatty Liver Fatty acid glycerol esters Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Generations Goals Heating Histocompatibility Testing Human Image Imaging Techniques Incidence Individual Intervention Ionizing radiation Iron Lipids Liver diseases Longitudinal Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Malignant Neoplasms Mammals Maps Measurement Measures Metabolic Methodology Methods Microscopic Mitochondria Monitor Motion Nonionizing Radiation Obesity Organ Overweight PET/CT scan Physiological Play Positron-Emission Tomography Property Reference Standards Relaxation Research Rodent Role Secondary to Signal Transduction Site Structure Thermogenesis Time Tissues United States Validation Variant Water Weight Work X-Ray Computed Tomography base blood oxygen level dependent body system energy balance falls glucose metabolism glucose uptake imaging modality indexing novel obesity treatment public health relevance response young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity has become an epidemic in the United States. More than one-third of U.S. adults (35.7%) are obese, and more than one third of children and adolescents are overweight or obese. Obesity affects all organ systems, increasing the incidence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, fatty liver disease, and other co-morbidities. Obesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Exploring the role of adipose tissues in regulating energy balance is essential for understanding and treatment of obesity. There are two functionally different types of adipose tissues in mammals: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT is the primary site for energy storage, whereas BAT is an adaptive thermogenesis organ that generates heat by energy expenditure. Recent research suggests that energy expenditure induced by active human BAT may play an important role in the adaption to weight loss. BAT activity is significantly higher in lean than obese individuals and the energy expenditure appears to increase in proportion to the amount of BAT activity. Overall, BAT activation is expected to serve as a potential target for obesity interventions. Identification of BAT after cold exposure with 18-Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) imaging by monitoring glucose metabolism led to the discovery of the existence of metabolically active BAT in adult humans. Nevertheless, the utility of FDG-PET/CT for imaging human BAT is limited mainly due to its sensitivity to various body and environmental conditions, lack of tissue characterization in a cellular level and ionizing radiation exposure impeding longitudinal and pediatric studies. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-ionizing radiation imaging modality that is now at the forefront in the assessment of body adipose tissues. Current MRI techniques are focused on differentiation between WAT and BAT; however, there is a lack of the characterization of BAT tissue properties within individuals, and the detection of tissue property changes secondary to BAT activation. Our goal is to develop multi-parametric quantitative MRI methods for BAT tissue characterization and tissue type classification. For the first time, we will implement quantitative MRI BAT imaging in both thermoneutral and cold-stimulated conditions to investigate the BAT microstructural tissue property changes due to cold activation in human. Furthermore, functional blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) MRI methods will be developed to investigate the tissue physiological changes in response to acute cold exposure. Cold-stimulated BAT activation map will be generated by both quantitative and functional MRIs. These novel MRI methods will provide information beyond structure and mass to functional measures that may reveal the metabolic and physiological functions of BAT.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖在美国已成为一种流行病。超过三分之一的美国成年人（35.7%）肥胖，超过三分之一的儿童和青少年超重或肥胖。肥胖影响所有器官系统，增加糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症、脂肪肝和其他共病的发病率。肥胖是由于能量摄入和消耗之间的不平衡造成的。探索脂肪组织在调节能量平衡中的作用对于理解和治疗肥胖症至关重要。在哺乳动物中存在两种功能不同类型的脂肪组织：白色脂肪组织（WAT）和棕色脂肪组织（BAT）。WAT是能量储存的主要场所，而BAT是通过能量消耗产生热量的适应性产热器官。最近的研究表明，由活跃的人类BAT诱导的能量消耗可能在适应减肥中起重要作用。BAT活动在瘦个体中显著高于肥胖个体，并且能量消耗似乎与BAT活动的量成比例地增加。总的来说，BAT激活有望成为肥胖干预的潜在目标。通过监测葡萄糖代谢，用18-氟-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描计算机断层扫描（FDG-PET/CT）成像识别冷暴露后的BAT，发现成年人中存在代谢活性BAT。然而，FDG-PET/CT用于人类BAT成像的实用性受到限制，主要是由于其对各种身体和环境条件的敏感性，缺乏细胞水平的组织表征以及电离辐射暴露阻碍了纵向和儿科研究。磁共振成像（MRI）提供了一种非电离辐射成像模式，目前处于身体脂肪组织评估的最前沿。目前的MRI技术集中在WAT和BAT之间的区分;然而，缺乏个体内BAT组织特性的表征，以及BAT激活继发的组织特性变化的检测。我们的目标是开发用于BAT组织表征和组织类型分类的多参数定量MRI方法。我们将首次在热中性和冷刺激条件下实现定量MRI BAT成像，以研究人体冷激活引起的BAT微观结构组织特性变化。此外，功能性血氧水平依赖（BOLD）MRI方法将被开发用于研究急性冷暴露后组织的生理变化。将通过定量和功能MRI生成冷刺激BAT激活图。这些新的MRI方法将提供结构和质量以外的信息，以功能测量，可以揭示BAT的代谢和生理功能。