Calcium Intake and Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Survival

钙摄入量与结直肠癌的发病率和生存率

• 批准号: 8636575
• 负责人: Xuehong Zhang
• 金额: $ 8.84万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8636575
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Advisory Committees; American; Biological; Calcium; Cancer Patient; Cessation of life; Cohort Studies; Colorectal; Colorectal Adenoma; Colorectal Cancer; Complementary DNA; Data; Diagnostic; Diet; Dietary Calcium; Dose; Environment; Evaluation; Face; Food; Foundations; Frequencies; Future; Genes; Genome; Health Professional; Incidence; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Institutes; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratory Study; Ligation; Long-Term Effects; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Mediating; Nurses' Health Study; Observational Study; Pathway interactions; Preventive; Primary Prevention; Questionnaires; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Recurrence; Reporting; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Role; Services; Supplementation; Testing; Time; Vitamin D; Woman; Women' s Health; anticancer research; calcium intake; cancer diagnosis; cancer risk; carcinogenesis; cohort; colorectal cancer prevention; cost effective; diet and cancer; follow-up; improved; mRNA Expression; male health; men; mortality; novel; public health relevance; tumor; tumor progression

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cancer and cancer-related death in US women and men. Although the totality of evidence in aggregate supports a beneficial role of calcium in colorectal carcinogenesis, three major unresolved outstanding questions exist. First, the optimal dose and timing of calcium intake for CRC prevention remains unknown. Second, although several proposed mechanisms for calcium's role in risk may also influence cancer progression, no study has yet examined whether post-diagnostic calcium intake will improve survival among CRC patients. Lastly, the biological pathways by which calcium influences CRC risk remain unknown. Because future randomized controlled trials may not be feasible to test different doses with long or unknown latency between start intervention and CRC onset, we propose to examine the following specific aims using the resources of two large, well- characterized cohorts of women (the Nurses' Health Study, NHS) and men (the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, HPFS), in which calcium intake was assessed every 4 years since 1980 and 1986 respectively, using validated food frequency questionnaires. With up to 3 decades of follow-up, long-term effects can be studied. Aim 1 is to investigate the optimal dose and timing of calcium intake for CRC prevention. Aim 2 is to assess whether adequate post- diagnostic calcium intake is associated with better CRC survival. Aim 3 is to discover biological pathways through which calcium might operate to reduce risk of CRC using pre-existing mRNA expression data from the CRC tumors. Two large cohort studies of women and men with multiple calcium assessments and pre-existing validated mRNA expression data provide a unique opportunity to address the proposed aims in a cost-effective manner. Completion of this project will make important contributions towards informing future dietary recommendations of calcium intake for CRC prevention and survival in US adults.

描述（由申请人提供）：结直肠癌（CRC）仍然是美国女性和男性中第三大常见癌症和癌症相关死亡。虽然总体证据支持钙在结直肠癌发生中的有益作用，但存在三个主要的未解决的突出问题。首先，预防CRC的最佳钙摄入剂量和时间仍然未知。其次，尽管钙在风险中的作用的几种机制也可能影响癌症进展，但尚未有研究检查诊断后钙摄入是否会改善CRC患者的生存率。最后，钙影响CRC风险的生物学途径仍然未知。由于未来的随机对照试验可能不可行，以测试不同的剂量与开始干预和CRC发病之间的长或未知的潜伏期，我们建议使用两个大的，良好的妇女群体的资源来检查以下具体目标（护士健康研究，NHS）和男性（卫生专业人员随访研究，HPFS），其中钙摄入量分别自1980年和1986年以来每4年评估一次，使用经验证的食物频率问卷。通过长达30年的随访，可以研究长期影响。目的1是探讨预防结直肠癌的最佳钙摄入剂量和时间。目的2是评估诊断后足够的钙摄入是否与更好的CRC生存率相关。目的3是利用来自CRC肿瘤的预先存在的mRNA表达数据来发现钙可能起作用以降低CRC风险的生物学途径。两项对女性和男性进行的大型队列研究，包括多种钙评估和预先存在的经验证的mRNA表达数据，为以具有成本效益的方式实现拟议目标提供了独特的机会。该项目的完成将为美国成年人提供关于CRC预防和生存的钙摄入量的未来饮食建议做出重要贡献。