Activity space and measuring environmental exposure in behavioral research

行为研究中的活动空间和测量环境暴露

• 批准号: 8880848
• 负责人: Stephen A Matthews
• 金额: $ 25.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-06 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8880848
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; African American; Behavior; Behavioral Research; Buffers; Bypass; Cardiovascular system; Chicago; Chronic; Coupled; Data; Data Collection; Diet; Dietary intake; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Exposure to; Geographic Information Systems; Health; Health Policy; Health behavior outcomes; Healthcare; Hour; Individual; Information Systems; Joints; Lead; Life; Life Style; Location; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Mexican Americans; NIH Program Announcements; Neighborhoods; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome Study; Participant; Persons; Physical activity; Positioning Attribute; Public Health; Public Policy; Questionnaires; Research; Resources; Respondent; Restaurants; Risk; Route; Sampling; Seasons; Shapes; Supermarket; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Travel; Woman; Work; base; cancer type; density; diaries; environmental intervention; experience; fast food; fitness; improved; innovation; insight; next generation; population based; public health relevance; socioeconomics

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R21 is directly responding to the PAR-12-197 on Improving Diet and Physical Activity Assessment. Research suggests that the environment influences lifestyle behaviors and contributes to racial and socioeconomic inequities in health, but overall, results are inconsistent and effect sizes are small. One potential explanation is measurement error in environmental exposures. Despite that many individuals spend considerable time outside their immediate neighborhood, most research has solely measured environmental exposures in a respondent's residential space and failed to take into account daily mobility. The objective of the proposed R21 is to examine the joint spatial and temporal stability of activity spaces (AS) derived from GPS data in a racially/ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of adults. Specific aims are: 1. Determine the optimal number and combination of days of GPS tracking needed to represent an individual's AS by testing the temporal stability within a person across days, types of days (e.g., weekend, weekdays), and between weeks. 2. Determine the sufficiency of using only one time period for GPS tracking by examining the temporal stability of an individual's AS within and between seasons. 3. As an exploratory aim, we will compare participant AS as derived from GPS tracking with those derived from questionnaires, with comparisons based on AS overlap, size, and environmental attributes. To achieve these aims, we will conduct GPS tracking with a socio-economically diverse sample of 144 African American, Mexican American, and white adults in Chicago for 30 days at baseline, with a second wave on a sub-sample six months later. We will measure physical activity using accelerometry and dietary intakes using multiple 24-hour dietary recalls. GIS will be used to construct measures of AS (e.g., route network buffer, kernel density estimation) and environmental attributes. This study will address key barriers to the advancement of a next generation of studies on the environment and lifestyle behaviors utilizing AS. Findings will supply essential information for a planned R01 on influences of AS environment attributes on lifestyle behaviors in a population-based multiethnic sample of adults.

 描述（由申请人提供）：此 R21 直接响应关于改善饮食和身体活动评估的 PAR-12-197。研究表明，环境影响生活方式行为，并导致健康方面的种族和社会经济不平等，但总体而言，结果不一致且影响较小。一种可能的解释是环境暴露中的测量误差。尽管许多人在其邻近社区之外度过了相当长的时间，但大多数研究仅测量了受访者居住空间的环境暴露程度，而没有考虑日常流动性。拟议 R21 的目标是检查从种族/民族和社会经济多样化的成年人样本中的 GPS 数据得出的活动空间 (AS) 的联合空间和时间稳定性。具体目标是： 1. 通过测试一个人在不同天、不同类型的天（例如，周末、工作日）和几周之间的时间稳定性，确定代表个人 AS 所需的 GPS 跟踪天数的最佳数量和组合。 2. 通过检查季节内和季节之间个人 AS 的时间稳定性，确定仅使用一个时间段进行 GPS 跟踪的充分性。 3. 作为探索性目标，我们将比较来自 GPS 跟踪的参与者 AS 与来自问卷调查的参与者 AS，并基于 AS 重叠、大小和环境属性进行比较。为了实现这些目标，我们将对芝加哥的 144 名非裔美国人、墨西哥裔美国人和白人成年人的社会经济多样化样本进行为期 30 天的 GPS 跟踪，六个月后对子样本进行第二波跟踪。我们将使用加速度测量来测量身体活动，并使用多次 24 小时饮食回忆来测量饮食摄入量。 GIS将用于构建AS的测量（例如，路线网络缓冲区、核密度估计）和环境属性。这项研究将解决利用 AS 进行下一代环境和生活方式研究的主要障碍。研究结果将为计划中的 R01 提供重要信息，该 R01 涉及 AS 环境属性对基于人群的多种族成年人样本生活方式行为的影响。