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High-Density Recording and Stimulating Microelectrodes

高密度记录和刺激微电极

基本信息

批准号：
8935966
负责人：
Timothy James Gardner
金额：
$ 51.61万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-30 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8935966
关键词：
Address Animals Area Basic Science Benchmarking Biocompatible Boston Brain Caliber Carbon Cells Charge Chronic Clinical Data Deposition Development Device Designs Devices Disease Electrochemistry Electrodes Electronics Engineering Environment Failure Fiber Film Geometry Health Hemorrhage Histologic Human Immune Implant Implanted Electrodes In Vitro Individual Injection of therapeutic agent Learning Measurement Measures Mechanics Methodology Methods Microelectrodes Modality Mono-S Nature Neurons Neurosciences Neurotransmitters Oxygen Pacemakers Pattern Performance Physiological Plasma Polymers Principal Investigator Process Property Prosthesis Records Controls Research Research Personnel Resolution Saline Series Shapes Signal Transduction Site Structure Surface Technology Testing Therapeutic Time Tissues Trauma Universities Width Work base brain machine interface brain volume clinical application density design flexibility implantable device implantation improved in vivo insight manufacturing process minimally invasive multi-electrode arrays neural patterning neural stimulation neurotransmission new technology next generation novel prevent prototype relating to nervous system response scale up tool van der Waals force

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project seeks to develop a high density, minimally invasive electrode array for long-term recording and control of brain activity. Multielectrode arrays are an essential tool in experimental and clinical neuroscience, yet current arrays are severely limited by a mismatch between large or stiff electrodes and the fragile environment of the brain. Chronically implanted electrodes cause ongoing damage to the brain, and an active process of rejection eventually silences neural signals. Failure of chronic implants over long time-scales makes it very challenging to study the neural basis of learning. It also limits the power of brain machine interfaces for human prosthetics or neural stimulation based therapeutics. To minimize electrode damage, the size of implants must be reduced, but multichannel arrays built from the smallest electrodes are impossible to implant due to buckling of the individual fibers as they enter the brain. The proposed recording and stimulating electrode array solves this mechanical problem - achieving a high channel with sub-cellular (5 micron) microfibers distributed in three-dimensional volumes of the brain. To implant the device, individual electrodes are bundled together, strengthening each fiber through mutual support. During implant, the bundle of fibers splays apart and each fiber follows its own separate path into the brain as it is deflected by tissue inhomogeneity. This process preserves the minimally invasive properties of a single fiber. Chronic recordings from prototype designs reveal stable signals, including multiunit recordings with time-scales of months that show minimal drift in neural firing patterns. This project builds on preliminary data to engineer a robust, high channel count (64 channel polyimide) device suitable for both recording and stimulation in basic science studies and eventually for clinical applications. However, due to the minimally invasive nature of this brain interface, the device will be scalable to even higher channel counts. To advance this technology, the project involves a series of aims to optimize the electrode insulator, apply high performance tip coatings, and develop scalable manufacturing processes on a polyimide cable platform. These engineering aims are followed by rigorous benchmarks in vitro and in vivo, including 18 month tests of stimulating electrode capabilities. The project will also demonstrate the potential of the high density, minimally invasive electrode array to trigger diverse activity patterns by shaping the geometry of current flowing through small volumes of the brain.