Menstrual cycle influences on regulatory control over drinking in young women

月经周期对年轻女性饮酒监管的影响

• 批准号: 8874735
• 负责人: Haley Carroll
• 金额: $ 4.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8874735
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Cardiac; Characteristics; Clinical; Decision Making; Disease; Emotional; Emotions; Epidemiology; Estrogens; Ethics; Event; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Future; Gender; Health; Hemorrhage; Hormonal; Human; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Life; Literature; Liver diseases; Luteal Phase; Measures; Menstrual cycle; Menstruation; Mental disorders; Mission; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Ovarian; Ovulation; Patient Self-Report; Phase; Prevalence; Prevention program; Progesterone; Psychological Factors; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Risk; Societies; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; System; Time; Training; Variant; Woman; alcohol use disorder; biobehavior; coping; cost; discounting; drinking; executive function; falls; heart rate variability; indexing; insight; man; men; mindfulness; neglect; preference; proliferative phase Menstrual cycle; public health relevance; reduced alcohol use; reproductive; stress reactivity; stressor; trait; treatment program; use alcohol to cope; young adult; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use is of great public health concern, costing society nearly $225 billion a year (Bouchery et al., 2011). Women who drink moderately (less than 7 drinks a week, or 3 drinks a day) are at an increased risk for health related complications (e.g., liver disease) as compared to men who drink moderately (NIAAA, 2011). Yet, given the historical bias towards men in the alcohol literature, there is a dearth of research investigating the etiological factors that take part in alcohol use in women (SAMSHA, 2011). Thus, the present study focuses on vulnerability and protective factors that influence alcohol use in women. In freely-cycling women, every month is marked by hormonal variation associated with the menstrual cycle. In particular the luteal phase (pre- menstrual period) of the menstrual cycle is characterized by increased stress reactivity (Lustyk et al., 2010). Given the intricate relationship between stress and alcohol use (Sinha, 2008), one would expect that the luteal phase be associated with increased vulnerability for alcohol use in women. However, the small extent of research on cycle phase and alcohol use to date has been mixed- likely due to methodological issues (Douglas et al., 2013). Thus the present study aims to rigorously and systematically investigate cycle phase variation in alcohol use. Other regulatory systems and dispositional factors may also influence alcohol use in women. It appears that most human decision making is governed by two regulatory systems that drives the choice for smaller, more immediate rewards (impulsive system) or larger, more delayed rewards (executive control; Bechara, 2005). Thus, a woman's proclivity to use alcohol to cope with stress and/or negative emotionality during the luteal phase may be regulated by impulsive systems, where a woman's ability to cope with stress more effectively may be managed by executive control. One dispositional factor that is important to consider in determining whether a woman will drink to cope is mindfulness, or the ability to pay attention in the present moment, non-judgmentally. Mindfulness is associated with lower alcohol use (Fernandez et al., 2010) and is theorized to augment executive control (Brewer et al., 2010) and diminish impulsive systems (Peters et al., 2011). So, women with higher dispositional mindfulness may have more access to executive control function that facilitates healthier coping during the luteal phase. Therefore, the present study uses mixed objective and self-reported methodological measures of impulsive systems (e.g., delay discounting), executive control (e.g., cardiac vagal control), and mindfulness to examine the influence of regulatory systems and dispositional factors on the relation between cycle phase and alcohol use. The proposed study will provide valuable insight into the understudied arena of etiological factors involved in women and alcohol use and provide training to an up-and-coming young researcher.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精使用是一个重大的公共卫生问题，每年花费社会近2250亿美元（Bouchery等人，2011年）。适度饮酒（每周少于7杯，或每天3杯）的女性患健康相关并发症的风险增加（例如，肝脏疾病）与适度饮酒的男性相比（NIAAA，2011）。然而，鉴于酒精文献中对男性的历史偏见，缺乏研究调查女性饮酒的病因因素（SAMSHA，2011）。因此，本研究的重点是影响妇女饮酒的脆弱性和保护因素。在自由骑自行车的女性中，每个月都有与月经周期相关的荷尔蒙变化。特别地，月经周期的黄体期（月经前期）的特征在于增加的应激反应性（Lustyk等人，2010年）。考虑到压力和饮酒之间的复杂关系（Sinha，2008年），人们会认为黄体期与女性饮酒的脆弱性增加有关。然而，迄今为止，关于周期阶段和酒精使用的小范围研究是混合的-可能是由于方法问题（道格拉斯等人，2013年）。因此，本研究的目的是严格和系统地调查酒精使用的周期相位变化。其他监管系统和性格因素也可能影响女性饮酒。似乎大多数人类决策都受到两个调节系统的控制，这两个调节系统驱动了对较小的、更直接的奖励（冲动系统）或较大的、更延迟的奖励（执行控制; Bechara，2005）的选择。因此，女性在黄体期使用酒精来科普压力和/或负面情绪的倾向可能是由冲动系统调节的，其中女性更有效地科普压力的能力可能是由执行控制来管理的。在确定女性是否会喝酒来科普时，需要考虑的一个重要性格因素是正念，或者说不带评判地关注当前时刻的能力。正念与较低的酒精使用有关（费尔南德斯等人，2010）并且理论上增强执行控制（Brewer等人，2010）和减少脉冲系统（Peters等人，2011年）。因此，具有较高气质正念的女性可能更容易获得执行控制功能，从而促进黄体期更健康的应对。因此，本研究使用混合客观和自我报告的方法测量脉冲系统（例如，延迟折扣），执行控制（例如，心脏迷走神经控制）和正念检查调节系统和性格因素对周期阶段和酒精使用之间关系的影响。拟议的研究将提供有价值的洞察不足的竞技场的病因学因素参与妇女和酒精的使用，并提供培训，一个崭露头角的年轻研究人员。