Non-medical use of prescription stimulants for weight loss in adolescents

处方兴奋剂在青少年减肥中的非医疗用途

• 批准号: 8835583
• 负责人: Amy June Jeffers
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-07 至 2017-04-06
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8835583
• 关键词: 12 year old; Adderall; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adverse effects; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Analysis of Covariance; Appearance; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Blood Pressure; Body Weight decreased; Categories; Cognition; Data; Desire for food; Development; Disease; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Emergency department visit; Empirical Research; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Literature; Malnutrition; Marijuana; Medical; Methodology; Motivation; Multivariate Analysis; Normalcy; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Planning Theory; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Psychopathology; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Ritalin; Role; Sampling; Solid; Staging; Substance Use Disorder; Suggestion; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Testing; Time; Training; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Youth; age group; behavioral construct; career; depressive symptoms; drug abuser; experience; health data; high risk; insight; non-drug; novel; psychosocial; public health relevance; recreational drug use; self esteem; social norm; stimulant misuse; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There has been a dramatic increase in the non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD; i.e., without a doctor's prescription) among young adults and adolescents. In 2011, NMUPD was the second most prevalent category of illicit drug use in these age groups, following marijuana. Indeed, NMUPD is involved in more emergency room (ER) visits than use of all illicit substances combined. The recent rise in the non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS), medications used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), such as Adderall and Ritalin, is particularly concerning. ER visits related to misuse of these drugs has more than tripled between 2005 and 2010. One relevant concern regarding stimulant misuse, especially with adolescents, is their role in appetite suppression. Given the increasing number of adolescents who report engaging in weight loss behaviors, misuse of stimulants for weight control might appeal to some youth. However, there has been minimal empirical research on this topic, and the majority has exclusively included young adults. NMUPS for weight loss is associated with other substance use, disordered eating behaviors, and psychopathology. Because adolescents are the second largest age group to engage in NMUPS, and they are at high risk for disordered eating behaviors, research is warranted to examine this phenomenon in this age group. Thus, the proposed research will examine this behavior in a sample of adolescents using both survey and qualitative methods. Constructs assessed will include: NMUPS and motivations, consequences associated with NMUPS, medication knowledge, other recreational drug use, disordered eating, psychopathology, and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs: attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control related to NMUPS for weight loss. Key hypotheses are as follows: 1) at least some participants will report NMUPS for weight loss; 2) individuals who engage in NMUPS for weight loss will also engage in more problematic health behaviors and have poorer psychosocial health compared to those who are trying to lose weight without engaging in NMUPS, and those who are not trying to lose weight; 3) these individuals will demonstrate maladaptive cognitions, including higher perceived normality of the behavior and less knowledge about the dangers of such misuse. A multivariate analysis of covariance, correlations, regressions, chi-squares, and thematic analysis of qualitative data will be used to test these hypotheses. Results will provide insight into which modifiable factors are most strongly associated with NMUPS for weight loss, informing awareness, prevention, and intervention efforts. This project will also provide a solid foundation for my research career and facilitate my transition to research independence.

 描述（由申请人提供）：年轻人和青少年对处方药（NMUPD；即没有医生处方）的非医疗使用急剧增加。 2011 年，NMUPD 是这些年龄组中第二大最普遍的非法药物使用类别，仅次于大麻。事实上，NMUPD 参与急诊室 (ER) 就诊的次数比使用所有非法药物的总和还多。最近，处方兴奋剂 (NMUPS) 以及用于治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 的药物（如阿得拉和利他林）的非医疗使用量的增加尤其令人担忧。 2005 年至 2010 年间，因滥用这些药物而导致的急诊就诊次数增加了两倍多。滥用兴奋剂（尤其是青少年）的一个相关问题是其在抑制食欲方面的作用。鉴于越来越多的青少年报告从事减肥行为，滥用兴奋剂来控制体重可能会吸引一些青少年。然而，关于这个主题的实证研究很少，而且大多数都只包括年轻人。 NMUPS 减肥与其他物质使用、饮食行为失调和精神病理学有关。由于青少年是参与 NMUPS 的第二大年龄组，而且他们饮食行为失调的风险很高，因此有必要进行研究来检验该年龄组中的这种现象。因此，拟议的研究将使用调查和定性方法来检查青少年样本中的这种行为。评估的构建将包括：NMUPS 和动机、与 NMUPS 相关的后果、药物知识、其他娱乐性药物使用、饮食失调、精神病理学和计划行为理论 (TPB) 构建：态度、主观规范和与 NMUPS 减肥相关的感知控制。主要假设如下：1）至少有一些参与者会报告 NMUPS 的减肥效果； 2) 与那些尝试减肥但不参与 NMUPS 的人和那些不尝试减肥的人相比，参与 NMUPS 减肥的人也会出现更多有问题的健康行为，并且心理健康状况更差； 3）这些人将表现出适应不良的认知，包括对行为正常性的感知较高，并且对此类滥用的危险了解较少。将使用协方差、相关性、回归、卡方和定性数据的主题分析的多变量分析来检验这些假设。结果将深入了解哪些可改变的因素与 NMUPS 减肥最密切相关，从而提高认识、预防和干预工作。这个项目也将为我的研究生涯提供坚实的基础，并促进我向独立研究的过渡。