Non-medical use of prescription stimulants for weight loss in adolescents

处方兴奋剂在青少年减肥中的非医疗用途

• 批准号: 9068658
• 负责人: Amy June Jeffers
• 金额: $ 2.58万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-07 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9068658
• 关键词: 12 year old; Adderall; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adverse effects; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Analysis of Covariance; Appearance; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Blood Pressure; Body Weight decreased; Categories; Cognition; Data; Desire for food; Development; Disease; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Emergency department visit; Empirical Research; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Literature; Malnutrition; Marijuana; Medical; Methodology; Motivation; Multivariate Analysis; Normalcy; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Planning Theory; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Psychopathology; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Ritalin; Role; Sampling; Solid; Staging; Substance Use Disorder; Suggestion; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Testing; Time; Training; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Youth; age group; behavioral construct; career; depressive symptoms; drug misuse; experience; health data; high risk; illicit drug use; insight; non-drug; novel; psychosocial; public health relevance; recreational drug use; self esteem; social norm; stimulant misuse; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There has been a dramatic increase in the non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD; i.e., without a doctor's prescription) among young adults and adolescents. In 2011, NMUPD was the second most prevalent category of illicit drug use in these age groups, following marijuana. Indeed, NMUPD is involved in more emergency room (ER) visits than use of all illicit substances combined. The recent rise in the non-medical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS), medications used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), such as Adderall and Ritalin, is particularly concerning. ER visits related to misuse of these drugs has more than tripled between 2005 and 2010. One relevant concern regarding stimulant misuse, especially with adolescents, is their role in appetite suppression. Given the increasing number of adolescents who report engaging in weight loss behaviors, misuse of stimulants for weight control might appeal to some youth. However, there has been minimal empirical research on this topic, and the majority has exclusively included young adults. NMUPS for weight loss is associated with other substance use, disordered eating behaviors, and psychopathology. Because adolescents are the second largest age group to engage in NMUPS, and they are at high risk for disordered eating behaviors, research is warranted to examine this phenomenon in this age group. Thus, the proposed research will examine this behavior in a sample of adolescents using both survey and qualitative methods. Constructs assessed will include: NMUPS and motivations, consequences associated with NMUPS, medication knowledge, other recreational drug use, disordered eating, psychopathology, and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs: attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control related to NMUPS for weight loss. Key hypotheses are as follows: 1) at least some participants will report NMUPS for weight loss; 2) individuals who engage in NMUPS for weight loss will also engage in more problematic health behaviors and have poorer psychosocial health compared to those who are trying to lose weight without engaging in NMUPS, and those who are not trying to lose weight; 3) these individuals will demonstrate maladaptive cognitions, including higher perceived normality of the behavior and less knowledge about the dangers of such misuse. A multivariate analysis of covariance, correlations, regressions, chi-squares, and thematic analysis of qualitative data will be used to test these hypotheses. Results will provide insight into which modifiable factors are most strongly associated with NMUPS for weight loss, informing awareness, prevention, and intervention efforts. This project will also provide a solid foundation for my research career and facilitate my transition to research independence.

 描述(由申请人提供)：在年轻人和青少年中，非医疗用途处方药(NMUPD；即没有医生处方)的使用急剧增加。2011年，NMUPD是这些年龄段中第二大最普遍的非法药物使用类别，仅次于大麻。事实上，NMUPD参与的急诊室就诊次数比使用所有非法物质的总和还要多。最近处方兴奋剂(NMUPS)的非医疗用途增加，这是用于治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的药物，如阿得拉和利他林，尤其令人担忧。2005年至2010年间，与滥用这些药物有关的急诊室就诊人数增加了两倍多。有关兴奋剂滥用的一个相关问题是它们在抑制食欲方面的作用，特别是在青少年中。鉴于越来越多的青少年报告有减肥行为，滥用兴奋剂控制体重可能会吸引一些年轻人。然而，关于这一主题的实证研究很少，而且大多数都只包括年轻人。NMUPS的减肥作用与其他物质使用、饮食紊乱行为和精神病理学有关。由于青少年是NMUPS的第二大年龄段，他们饮食行为紊乱的风险很高，因此有必要对这一年龄段的这一现象进行研究。因此，这项拟议的研究将使用调查和定性的方法在青少年样本中检查这种行为。评估的结构包括：NMUPS和动机、与NMUPS相关的后果、药物知识、其他娱乐用药、饮食失调、精神病理学和计划行为理论(TPB)结构：与NMUPS有关的减肥态度、主观规范和感知控制。关键假设如下：1)至少有一些参与者会报告NMUPS的减肥；2)与那些试图减肥而不参与NMUPS的人和那些不试图减肥的人相比，从事NMUPS减肥的人也会从事更多有问题的健康行为，心理社会健康状况更差；3)这些人将表现出适应不良的认知，包括对行为的正常程度较高，以及对此类滥用的危险的了解较少。将使用协方差分析、相关分析、回归分析、卡方分析和定性数据的主题分析来检验这些假设。结果将提供洞察哪些可修改的因素与NMUPS的减肥、告知意识、预防和干预努力最密切相关。这个项目也将为我的研究生涯提供坚实的基础，并促进我向研究独立的过渡。