Generation of Liver X Receptor Agonists with LXRb Subtype Selectivity using Modern Computational and Chemical Synthetic Methods

使用现代计算和化学合成方法生成具有 LXRb 亚型选择性的肝脏 X 受体激动剂

• 批准号: 8811787
• 负责人: Kevin E Riley
• 金额: $ 33.94万
• 依托单位: XAVIER UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8811787
• 关键词: Accounting; Adipose tissue; Adverse effects; Affect; Agonist; Alanine; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amino Acids; Atherosclerosis; Autoimmune Diseases; Binding; Biological Assay; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemicals; Cholesterol; Cholesterol Homeostasis; Colorectal Cancer; Complex; Computer Simulation; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Docking; Drug Design; Exhibits; Free Energy; Generations; Glucose; Goals; Hypertriglyceridemia; In Vitro; Intestines; Investigation; Kidney; Lead; Ligand Binding; Ligands; Lipids; Liver; Louisiana; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Mechanics; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Methods; Molecular; Motion; Nuclear Receptors; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Play; Positioning Attribute; Production; Property; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Protocols documentation; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; Regulation; Research; Role; Scanning; Scoring Method; Serum; Side; Solvents; Specificity; Spleen; Standardization; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Tissues; Triglycerides; Universities; base; cancer therapy; cancer type; chemical synthesis; computerized tools; design; drug candidate; human disease; in vitro Bioassay; innovation; lipid biosynthesis; macrophage; malignant breast neoplasm; molecular dynamics; novel; public health relevance; quantum; receptor; scaffold

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The liver X receptors (LXRs) are nuclear receptors whose primary role is in cholesterol homeostasis. These receptors are also known to play roles in the regulation of lipid and glucose levels throughout the body. The LXRs have been demonstrated to be important mediators in a number of human diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and several types of cancer. Importantly, LXR agonists have been shown to have strong antiproliferative effects in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers, which are among the most common forms of cancer worldwide. LXRs exist in two isoforms, LXR�nd LXR�LXR�s highly expressed in liver and is also present in kidneys, intestine, adipose tissue, lungs, macrophages, and spleen while LXR�s ubiquitously expressed throughout the body. The LXRs are present in varying concentrations throughout the body and play different roles in different tissues. It has been observed that nonselective agonists lower serum cholesterol levels and also tend to raise triglyceride levels in the liver, which can lead to serious medical issues, while LXR�elective agonists tend to lower cholesterol levels without affecting triglyceride levels. Thus, there is a strong drive to develop selective liver X receptor modulators (SLiMs) whose action is different in various tissues. Here we propose to conduct research that will lead to the development of new isoform-specific LXR agonists that selectively bind LXR�The development of new LXR isoform-selective ligands represents a large step in our progress toward production of SLiMs. Indeed, identification or synthesis of new ligands with LXR isoform selectivity is an important goal in itself, and may have critical importance in the development of new pharmaceuticals. Isoform selectivity of ligands binding to LXR�XR�nd develop new LXRselective ligands will be investigated using traditional molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) methods, a state-of-the-art semiempirical quantum mechanical scoring function (PM6-D3H4-Score), chemical synthesis, and bioassay techniques. The PM6-D3H4-Score scoring function is an innovative computational tool that has never been utilized in isoform selectivity studies. The accuracy of the scoring method in is critical, as the differences in bindig free energies associated with isoform selectivity are generally small. Protein-ligand complexes are dynamic and it is critical to take molecular motion into account. MD simulations will be carried out to generate structural ensembles for each protein-ligand complex. Pairwise decomposition and alanine scanning will be used to determine the most important interactions leading to ligand potency and isoform selectivity. State-of-the-art computational de novo drug design methods will be used to generate novel drugs that exhibit LXR�electivity. Binding potency and specificity will be tested using the PM6-D3H4-Score method as well as MD simulation methods. The most promising of the new ligands will be synthesized and characterized using modern bioassay techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：肝脏 X 受体 (LXR) 是核受体，其主要作用是维持胆固醇稳态。已知这些受体在调节全身脂质和葡萄糖水平中发挥作用。 LXR 已被证明是许多人类疾病的重要介质，包括动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、心血管疾病、自身免疫性疾病、阿尔茨海默病和几种类型的癌症。重要的是，LXR 激动剂已被证明对乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌具有很强的抗增殖作用，这些癌症是全世界最常见的癌症形式。 LXR 以两种亚型存在，LXR 和 LXR。LXR 在肝脏中高度表达，也存在于肾脏、肠道、脂肪组织、肺、巨噬细胞和脾中，而 LXR 在全身普遍表达。 LXR 在全身以不同的浓度存在，并在不同的组织中发挥不同的作用。据观察，非选择性激动剂会降低血清胆固醇水平，并且往往会升高肝脏中的甘油三酯水平，这可能导致严重的医疗问题，而 LXR 选择性激动剂往往会降低胆固醇水平，而不影响甘油三酯水平。因此，开发选择性肝脏 X 受体调节剂 (SLiM) 的动力非常强烈，其在不同组织中的作用不同。在这里，我们建议进行研究，以开发选择性结合 LXR 的新型异构体特异性 LXR 激动剂。新型 LXR 异构体选择性配体的开发代表了我们在 SLiM 生产方面取得的进展迈出了一大步。事实上，具有 LXR 同工型选择性的新配体的鉴定或合成本身就是一个重要目标，并且可能在新药物的开发中具有至关重要的意义。将使用传统的分子对接和分子动力学 (MD) 方法、最先进的半经验量子力学评分函数 (PM6-D3H4-Score)、化学合成和生物测定技术来研究与 LXR 结合的配体选择性，并开发新的 LXR 选择性配体。 PM6-D3H4-Score 评分函数是一种创新的计算工具，从未用于异构体选择性研究。评分方法的准确性至关重要，因为与异构体选择性相关的结合自由能的差异通常很小。蛋白质-配体复合物是动态的，考虑分子运动至关重要。将进行MD模拟以生成每个蛋白质-配体复合物的结构整体。成对分解和丙氨酸扫描将用于确定导致配体效力和亚型选择性的最重要的相互作用。最先进的计算从头药物设计方法将用于生成具有 LXR 选择性的新型药物。将使用 PM6-D3H4-Score 方法以及 MD 模拟方法来测试结合效力和特异性。最有前途的新配体将使用现代生物测定技术来合成和表征。