Mechanisms Linking Daily Work Conditions and Work-Related Strain Reactions to Unsafe Commuting

将日常工作条件和与工作相关的紧张反应与不安全通勤联系起来的机制

• 批准号: 9885229
• 负责人: Charles C Calderwood
• 金额: $ 57.55万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-30 至 2025-09-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9885229
• 关键词: Mechanisms; Linking; Daily; Work; Conditions

PROJECT SUMMARY The commuting environment is recognized to present a major risk to worker safety. Recent work shows that daily work conditions and work-related strain reactions influence unsafe commuting behaviors, but the mechanisms driving these relationships remain poorly understood. The major impediment to this search for mechanisms has been an inability to objectively model what is happening with the driver and on the road immediately prior to and during unsafe commuting events. The proposed project brings together an inter-disciplinary team of experts from the occupational safety and health, transportation safety, and psychological communities to overcome this impediment. The project team will integrate an existing daily survey approach to work stress with a video-based, naturalistic driving approach validated in the transportation safety community to explicate the process through which daily work conditions and work-related strain reactions influence unsafe commuting. This approach will be applied in a longitudinal study of 100 full-time employees who will complete twice daily surveys and have their driving and in-vehicle behaviors observationally tracked across eight consecutive weeks of daily commuting. The project team will demonstrate that (1) daily work conditions and work-related strain reactions influence same- day post-work unsafe commuting via attention and distraction mechanisms and that (2) daily work conditions and work-related strain reactions influence next-day pre-work unsafe commuting via a fatigue mechanism. The project team will also evaluate whether the influence of daily work conditions and work-related strain reactions on unsafe commuting via these within-commute mechanisms strengthens over the course of the work week. The proposed project is directly responsive to the NIOSH Traumatic Injury Prevention Cross-Sector, which is devoted to the prevention of injury and death stemming from sudden events such as motor vehicle crashes. As commuting is a ubiquitous activity in worker’s daily lives within many industries and occupations, the proposed project will have direct applications to worker safety in almost all occupational groups. The proposed research is expected to have major implications for intervention targeting and development, which will yield a strong contribution to NIOSH’s Research to Practice (r2p) initiative. The proposed project will provide outputs of cross-disciplinary publications and presentations in the occupational safety, applied psychology, and transportation safety communities that will contribute to the intermediate outcome of guiding intervention development to lay the groundwork to achieve the long-term outcome of reducing rates of worker injury and death while commuting.

项目摘要 通勤环境被认为是对工人安全的主要风险。最近的研究表明， 工作条件和工作相关的应变反应影响不安全的通勤行为，但机制 对这些关系的驱动力仍然知之甚少。寻求机制的主要障碍是 无法客观地模拟驾驶员和道路上发生的事情， 在不安全的通勤事件中。拟议的项目汇集了一个跨学科专家小组， 职业安全与健康、运输安全和心理社区，以克服这一点 障碍。项目小组将把现有的工作压力每日调查方法与基于视频的， 自然驾驶方法在运输安全社区得到验证，通过以下方式来解释这一过程： 哪些日常工作条件和与工作有关的紧张反应会影响不安全的通勤。这种方法将是 应用于100名全职员工的纵向研究，他们将每天完成两次调查， 在连续八周的日常通勤中观察跟踪驾驶和车内行为。的 项目团队将证明（1）日常工作条件和与工作相关的应变反应影响相同- 通过注意力和分散注意力的机制，每天下班后不安全的通勤，以及（2）日常工作条件 与工作相关的紧张反应通过疲劳机制影响第二天上班前的不安全通勤。的 项目组还将评估日常工作条件的影响和工作相关的应变反应 在工作周期间，通过这些通勤内机制对不安全通勤的影响会加强。 拟议项目直接响应NIOSH创伤性伤害预防跨部门， 专门预防机动车等突发事件造成的伤亡 崩溃由于通勤是许多行业和职业中工人日常生活中普遍存在的活动， 拟议的计划将直接适用于几乎所有职业类别的工人安全。的 拟议的研究预计将对干预目标和发展产生重大影响， 为NIOSH的研究实践（r2 p）计划做出了巨大贡献。拟议项目将提供 在职业安全、应用心理学和 交通安全社区，将有助于指导干预的中间结果 为实现降低工伤率的长期成果奠定基础， 在通勤时死亡。