Cigarettes and Soviets: The Culture of Tobacco Use in Modern Russia

香烟与苏联：现代俄罗斯的烟草使用文化

• 批准号: 8809996
• 负责人: Tricia Starks
• 金额: $ 4.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS AT FAYETTEVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8809996
• 关键词: Advertising; Attention; Bilateral; Books; Cartoons; Cigarette; Communities; Complex; Conceptions; Consumption; Country; Developed Countries; Economic Policy; Effectiveness; Environment; Equilibrium; Explosion; Failure; Film; Gender; Goals; Government; Growth; Health; Healthcare; Image; Individual; Industry; Journals; Literature; Manuals; Marketing; Measures; Medical; Methodology; Modeling; Monograph; Newspapers; Policies; Policy Maker; Propaganda; Public Health; Publications; Reaction; Recording of previous events; Religion and Spirituality; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resources; Russia; Science; Sensory; Series; Smoke; Smoking; Social Development; Social support; Statutes and Laws; Tobacco; Tobacco use; USSR; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Vision; Work; Writing; authority; base; falls; insight; posters; programs; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; social; success; theories; tobacco control; trend; working group

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): I propose to write the first solo-authored monograph in Russian or English to explore the history of tobacco use and government-initiated cessation programs in Russia in the context of the country's complex social, cultural, and political changes of the past 130 years. In Cigarettes and Soviets: The Culture of Tobacco Use in Modern Russia, I will describe the unique history of tobacco consumption and control in Russia, including policies initiated since the fall of the Soviet Union. In addition to being a resource for historians, the monograph will provide public health researchers and policy makers an unprecedented look at the effects and effectiveness of government-initiated tobacco control efforts, with careful attention to the individual, community, and governmental factors that contributed to each success and failure and how these make Russian tobacco consumption distinctive. The goal of this project is to create an ambitious and encompassing social, cultural, and gendered history of tobacco in Russia. Expanding beyond policy reports and internal ministry memos, the monograph will reconstruct the culture of tobacco using newspapers, journals, industry publications, etiquette manuals, propaganda posters, popular literature, films, cartoons, and advertising images. The book will engage global histories to show where Russian tobacco use both reflected and differed from world-wide consumption trends, highlight the reaction of Russian state and medical authorities to new understandings of tobacco's dangers, and contribute to historical arguments that emphasize Russian and Soviet science's global connections. The methodology also utilizes cutting edge anthropological theory and sensory history approaches creating a unique vision of smoking that balances the warnings of tobacco's dangers with the historical conceptions of its benefits. The Bilateral Presidential Commission's Health Working Group coordinates programs between the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Russian Ministry of Health and Social Development, including tobacco control initiatives. Understanding Russia's distinctive history may suggest different strategies and may provide important lessons for policy makers and health workers seeking to implement U.S. policy initiatives. The unique history of tobacco in Russia suggests that programs undertaken by the Health Working Group may fail if they are based solely on policy shown to be effective in other countries. It may also give valuable insights for public health officials in the U.S., Russia, and beyond as governments and independent healthcare organizations grapple with the complicated history of tobacco use and control.

 描述（由申请人提供）： 我建议写第一个单独撰写的专著在俄罗斯或英语探索烟草使用的历史和政府发起的戒烟计划在俄罗斯的背景下，该国的复杂的社会，文化和政治变化的过去130年。香烟与苏联：在《现代俄罗斯的烟草使用文化》一书中，我将描述俄罗斯烟草消费和控制的独特历史，包括自苏联解体以来开始实施的政策。除了成为历史学家的资源，该专著还将为公共卫生研究人员和政策制定者提供前所未有的政府发起的烟草控制工作的效果和有效性，并仔细关注促成每次成功和失败的个人，社区和政府因素，以及这些因素如何使俄罗斯烟草消费与众不同。 该项目的目标是创建一个雄心勃勃的，涵盖俄罗斯烟草的社会，文化和性别历史。除了政策报告和部门内部备忘录之外，该专著还将利用报纸、期刊、行业出版物、礼仪手册、宣传海报、流行文学、电影、漫画和广告图像重建烟草文化。这本书将涉及全球历史，以显示俄罗斯烟草的使用既反映了世界范围的消费趋势，又与世界范围的消费趋势不同，突出了俄罗斯国家和医疗当局对烟草危害的新认识的反应，并有助于强调俄罗斯和苏联科学的全球联系的历史论点。该方法还利用尖端的人类学理论和感官历史方法，创造了一个独特的吸烟视角，平衡了烟草危害的警告与其好处的历史概念。 双边总统委员会的卫生工作组负责协调美国卫生和公众服务部与俄罗斯卫生和社会发展部之间的项目，包括烟草控制倡议。了解俄罗斯独特的历史可能会提出不同的战略，并可能为寻求实施美国政策倡议的政策制定者和卫生工作者提供重要的经验教训。俄罗斯独特的烟草历史表明，如果健康工作组开展的项目仅仅基于在其他国家证明有效的政策，那么这些项目可能会失败。它也可能为美国的公共卫生官员提供有价值的见解，俄罗斯和其他国家的政府和独立的医疗保健组织正在努力应对烟草使用和控制的复杂历史。