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Delineating NMDA Receptor Hypofunctions Role in Schizophrenia Pathophysiology

描述 NMDA 受体功能减退在精神分裂症病理生理学中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
8899635
负责人：
Kazutoshi Nakazawa
金额：
$ 29.79万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8899635
关键词：
Acoustics Address Adolescence Adult Adverse effects Affect American Amphetamines Animal Model Area Behavior Behavioral Cells Chronic Cognitive Cognitive deficits Delusions Development Disease Dopamine Emotions Event Functional disorder Genes Genetic study Glutamates Goals Hallucinations Health Hippocampus (Brain)Human Impairment Interneurons Intervention Ketamine Knock-out Knowledge Lead Measures Mental disorders Molecular Mus Mutant Strains Mice Mutation N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors NMDA receptor antagonist NR1 gene National Institute of Mental Health Neuregulins Neurobehavioral Manifestations Neurons Parvalbumins Pathogenesis Pathway interactions Patients Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phencyclidine Phenotype Play Presynaptic Terminals Process Property Protein Subunits Reaction Reflex action Reporting Research Role Schizophrenia Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Site Social Interaction Staging Symptoms System Teenagers Testing Thinking Time To specify Transgenic Animals Transgenic Mice Ventral Striatum Withdrawal Work base brain cell cell type excitatory neuron expectation gamma-Aminobutyric Acid hippocampal pyramidal neuron human subject inhibitory neuron innovation insight mutant new therapeutic target postnatal postsynaptic prepulse inhibition presynaptic protein complex social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): NMDAR antagonists, including phencyclidine, ketamine and MK-801, induce a psychotic reaction in human subjects that resembles many of schizophrenia symptoms leading the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia pathophysiology. These symptoms include the positive, negative, as well as many of the cognitive deficits, including working memory. Furthermore, NMDAR antagonists also reinstate pre- existing symptoms in stabilized schizophrenia patients. Genetic studies have offered further credence to this theory. For instance, a NR1 hypomorph mouse, in which expression of NR1 subunit protein is reduced to 5- 10%, displays deficits in social interaction and impairment in prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle reflex. Yet, it remains to be determined in which developmental stage and/or in which brain cell-types/areas is NMDAR hypofunction necessary to induce schizophrenia-like behaviors. We recently demonstrated that a restricted deletion of NMDAR in corticolimbic interneurons from postnatal 2nd week was sufficient to trigger several behavioral and pathophysiological features in mice that resemble human schizophrenia. Therefore, it provided strong experimental support for the long-standing hypothesis that NMDAR hypofunction in cortical interneurons is a primary site of schizophrenia pathogenesis. However, many genes encoding the NMDAR complex proteins, such as neuregulins, are expressed in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the cortex. If the mutation was introduced in these genes, NMDAR hypofunction could occur in every cell including excitatory neurons. Furthermore, it is still unclear which developmental stage is the sensitive period to NMDAR hypofunction. Finally, it is crucial to identify what occurs in the NR1-deleted interneurons and which downstream signaling cascades/circuitries are activated or suppressed following NMDAR deletion. To address these questions using transgenic mice, two major overlapping areas to be investigated in this project are: 1. Define the cell-types and sensitive period for NMDAR hypofunction critical for the manifestation of schizophrenia-like phenotypes. It is critical to narrow down the boundary conditions of NMDAR hypofunction, in order to delineate the downstream pathways of NMDAR hypofunction and to determine which pathways are responsible for later development of the disease. 2. Determine the cellular events that follow NMDAR hypofunction during the sensitive period. It will be crucial to delineate subsequent molecular, cellular and network events following NMDAR hypofunction, in order to develop the new treatments targeted to NMDAR hypofunction for human psychiatric illnesses. These findings derived from this work will yield new insights into the cortical GABAergic interneuron-related pathogenesis and its treatment of schizophrenia.