Latin American Center for Malaria Research and Control

拉丁美洲疟疾研究与控制中心

• 批准号: 8895238
• 负责人: Socrates Herrera Valencia
• 金额: $ 161.97万
• 依托单位: CAUCASECO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8895238
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Affect; American; Anopheles Genus; Antimalarials; Area; Behavior; Biology; Bionomics; Brazil; Caribbean region; Caring; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Colombia; Communities; Country; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Ecology; Ecuador; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Europe; Evaluation; Goals; Government; Guatemala; Haiti; Health; Honduras; Hospitals; Hot Spot; Household; Housing; Immune response; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Institution; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Latin America; Latino; Life; Malaria; Maps; Modeling; Organism; Outcome; Panama; Parasites; Participant; Pathogenesis; Pattern; Peru; Phase; Plasmodium; Population; Prevalence; Prophylactic treatment; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Publications; Quality Control; Questionnaires; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scientist; Self Medication; Sentinel; Site; System; Thick; Training Activity; United States; Work; anthropogenesis; base; clinical epidemiology; community living; data management; design; epidemiology study; experience; follow-up; health care service organization; immunological status; improved; international center; malaria transmission; multidisciplinary; operation; programs; quality assurance; surveillance study; vector; vector management strategies

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this proposal is the establishment the "Centro Latino Americano de investigacion en Malaria - CLAIM" as a non-Amazonian malaria research center that would generate knowledge and provide technical and scientific support to governments of the partner countries as well as to organizations and health care institutions to further contribute to malaria elimination programs in the regions. CLAIM would initially bring together field sites from Colombia, Peru, Panama and Guatemala, and has plans to further include sites from Ecuador and Honduras and possibly other endemic countries of the Latin American (LA) and the Caribbean such as Haiti. CLAIM will be composed of multiple public and private research centers from the original partner countries, including centers and organizations depending from or associated to the Ministries of Health (MOH) from all participant countries. CLAIM has also involved consultants/collaborators from the Andean Health Organism and/or the US Centers for Disease Control for this ICEMR program. In addition, to the scientists from the partner countries, CLAIM will have the participation of prominent and experienced scientists from other endemic countries such as Ecuador and Brazil, as well as from United State (USA) and Europe. The ICEMR research activities have been divided into three closely inter-related projects as follows: Project 1 on Epidemiology will determine the ecological and epidemiological features in non-Amazonian regions; Project 2 on malaria transmission will address major gaps in our understanding of the ecology, behavior, vector potential, and control of Anopheles malaria vectors to guide the development and implementation of more effective integrated Vector Management (IVM) strategies, and Project 3 on malaria pathogenesis, that it will determine the clinical outcome of malaria infections and its correlation with the immunological status in communities living under different intensifies of malaria transmission in the study region. CLAIM would involve its epidemiology team to closely work with the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) of all partner countries, to locate and track the "hot spots" and to assess the changing epidemiological conditions, identifying the malaria patterns and establishing linkages with environmental and anthropogenic factors or other determinants of malaria transmission. The study team will provide technical assistance for helping NMCPs improve surveillance operations, including quality control and assurance of data with respect to diagnostics. This ICEMR proposal includes training activities for selected junior scientists and groups of researchers/technicians. Special projects will be initiated by Year 3 of the program and will profit to redirect the program and/or involve other countries. A Data Management (DM) Core will coordinate all research protocol, DM, data analyses and publications. All CLAIM activities will be coordinated by Core A under responsibility of Caucaseco SRC. CLAIM will combine the multidisciplinary and integrated approach to enhance the research underpinnings for effective malaria elimination and possibly eradication. Data and findings generated by this Center are expected to provide input critical to inform future research design and evaluation of new interventions and control strategies. RELEVANCE: This is a comprehensive project designed to establish an international Center of Excellence for Malaria Research in Latin America (CLAIM) composed of multiple public and private research centers from the endemic countries, the USA and Europe working jointly to find alternatives for malaria control. Results will facilitate malaria elimination in low malaria endemic settings. PROJECT 1: Title: Epidemiology of Malaria Transmission in Low to Moderate Settings of Latin America Project Leader: Herrera, S. PROJECT 1 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The main objective of Project 1 is to evaluate the diversity of the ecology and parasite populations related to the epidemiology and clinical findings in order to establish a scientific framework that supports the development of new intervention strategies for malaria elimination in non-Amazonian areas of LA. This goal will be approached through the following specific aims: 1) Study the epidemiology of seasonal malaria and their relationship with parasite population diversity and 2) Identification of risk factors associated with malaria transmission in non-Amazonian areas of LA countries. We hypothesize that circulating Plasmodium populations and their dynamics modulate the clinical manifestations and immune responses in the affected populations and that vector bionomics, parasite population diversity, host biology and behavior, household conditions, and local environmental conditions, act simultaneously to determine malaria transmission and risk of infection. The studies proposed for aim 1 are directed to determine the real prevalence and incidence of malaria by considering both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals living in seasonal areas in LA. This investigation includes community based cohort studies (prospective studies), active surveillance using temporal cross-sectional studies, and hospital based passive surveillance studies. The studies will be carried out in 7 endemic areas of Colombia, Peru, Panama and Guatemala, where a total of 21 sentinel sites will be studied. Studies will be carried out in three phases: 1) Our own census of the selected population from sentinel sites where inhabitants will be registered using a demographic questionnaire and houses coordinates using a GPS system; 2) thick smear and PCR for malaria diagnose in selected sentinels sites and random sampling in order to determine asymptomatic gametocytes carriers; 3) clinical follow-up and thick smear of asymptomatic at two sentinel sites (one in Colombia (Tierralta) and one in Peru (Sulluna). For aim 2 we will a) assess the conditions of antimalarial use in communities where malaria is endemic, including adherence, self-medication and prophylaxis; and (b) study the conditions of use of antimalarials in the public and private health institutions including the availability and suitability to care guides. In this ICEMR program, we will establish a network of sentinel sites that will be selected integrating bio-geographic criteria (vector and ecological conditions) and epidemiological information. Sentinel sites will provide baseline information on malaria ecology and epidemiology with the goal of characterizing parasite and vector populations resilient to control interventions. Such network will allow supporting current efforts directed to develop population models to quantify disease dynamics and malaria risk-maps to support MOH elimination activities. RELEVANCE: Identify the relationship between environmental factors, parasite characteristics, household conditions and the malaria prevalence related to the epidemiology and clinical findings.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的总体目标是建立“疟疾中心的调查中心” - 声称“作为一个非阿马津疟疾研究中心，该中心将为组织和医疗保健机构的政府以及对疟疾的进一步贡献各个地区的政府提供知识和科学支持。最初，主张将汇集来自哥伦比亚，秘鲁，巴拿马和危地马拉的野外场所，并计划进一步包括来自厄瓜多尔和洪都拉斯以及拉丁美洲的其他地方性国家（LA）和加勒比海地区和海地等其他地方性国家。索赔将由来自原始合作伙伴国家的多个公共和私人研究中心组成，包括来自所有参与者国家的卫生部（MOH），包括中心和组织。索赔还涉及来自安第斯山脉健康生物体和/或该ICEMR计划的美国疾病控制中心的顾问/合作者。此外，对于来自伙伴国家的科学家来说，主张将由其他流行国家（例如厄瓜多尔和巴西）以及美国（美国）和欧洲的著名和经验丰富的科学家参与。 ICEMR研究活动已分为三个密切相关的项目，如下所示：流行病学项目1将决定非阿马佐尼亚地区的生态和流行病学特征；关于疟疾传播的项目2将解决我们对生态，行为，媒介潜力的理解，以及对疟疾媒介的控制，以指导和实施更有效的综合载体管理（IVM）策略，并针对疟疾发病机理进行项目3，并确定疟疾的临床状况与其相关性的临床状态，以确定疟疾的临床状况，这些疟疾的临床构成了社区的相关性，这些疾病是社区中的群体，这些疾病构成了社区的群体，以实现群体的群体，以实现社区的群体，以实现社区的群体，以实现群体的临床效果。 地区。索赔将涉及其流行病学团队与所有伴侣国家的国家疟疾控制计划（NMCP）紧密合作，以找到和跟踪“热点”，并评估不断变化的流行病学状况，确定疟疾模式并确定与环境和人类疾病的疟疾传播或其他确定性的联系。研究团队将提供技术援助，以帮助NMCP改善监视操作，包括质量控制和对诊断方面的数据保证。该ICEMR建议包括针对选定的初级科学家和研究人员/技术人员组的培训活动。特殊项目将在该计划的第3年启动，并将获利以重定向计划和/或其他国家。数据管理（DM）核心将协调所有研究协议，DM，数据分析和出版物。所有索赔活动都将由核心A的核心协调。索赔将结合多学科和综合方法，以增强研究基础，以进行有效消除疟疾和消除。预计该中心产生的数据和发现将提供至关重要的输入，以告知未来的研究设计和新干预措施和控制策略的评估。 相关性：这是一个综合项目，旨在在拉丁美洲建立国际疟疾卓越研究中心（声称），该研究由来自地方性国家的多个公共和私人研究中心组成，美国和欧洲共同努力寻找疟疾控制的替代方法。结果将促进低疟疾特有环境中消除疟疾。 项目1： 标题：拉丁美洲低至中度环境中疟疾传播的流行病学 项目负责人：Herrera，S。 项目1描述（由申请人提供）：项目1的主要目的是评估与流行病学和临床发现有关的生态学和寄生虫种群的多样性，以建立一个科学框架，以支持LA的非阿马佐尼亚地区疟疾消除新干预策略的发展。该目标将通过以下具体目的实现：1）研究季节性疟疾的流行病学及其与寄生虫种群多样性的关系以及2）鉴定洛杉矶国家非阿马佐尼亚地区疟疾传播相关的危险因素。 我们假设循环疟原虫及其动力学调节了受影响人群中的临床表现和免疫反应，并且载体生物组学，寄生虫种群多样性，宿主生物学和行为，家庭状况以及局部环境状况，同时采取行动以确定疟疾传播和感染的风险。针对AIM 1提出的研究是指导旨在通过考虑居住​​在洛杉矶季节性地区的有症状和无症状的个体来确定疟疾的实际患病率和发病率。 这项研究包括基于社区的队列研究（前瞻性研究），使用时间横断面研究的主动监视以及基于医院的被动监视研究。这些研究将在哥伦比亚，秘鲁，巴拿马和危地马拉的7个流行地区进行，其中总共将研究21个哨兵地点。研究将分为三个阶段：1）我们自己从哨兵地点进行的人口普查，其中将使用人群调查表注册居民，并使用GPS系统进行坐标； 2）在选定的哨兵部位和随机采样中诊断疟疾的厚实涂片和PCR，以确定无症状的子志载体； 3）在两个前哨部位（一个在哥伦比亚（tierralta）和秘鲁的一个（Sulluna）的临床随访和厚实的无症状涂片。对于AIM 2，我们将评估A a）在疟疾是特有的群落中，包括粘附，自我治疗和预言的社区中的抗疟药条件； （b）研究在公共和私人卫生机构中使用抗疟药的条件，包括可用性和适合护理指南。在此ICEMR计划中，我们将建立一个哨兵网站网络，该网络将被选为整合生物地理标准（向量和生态条件）和流行病学信息。 Sentinel站点将提供有关疟疾生态和流行病学的基线信息，以表征寄生虫和矢量种群有弹性地控制干预措施。这种网络将允许当前的努力开发人口模型，以量化疾病动态和疟疾风险图，以支持MOH消除活动。 相关性：确定与流行病学和临床发现有关的环境因素，寄生虫特征，家庭状况与疟疾患病率之间的关系。