Latin American Center for Malaria Research and Control

拉丁美洲疟疾研究与控制中心

• 批准号: 8319233
• 负责人: Socrates Herrera Valencia
• 金额: $ 177.07万
• 依托单位: CAUCASECO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8319233
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Affect; American; Anopheles Genus; Antimalarials; Area; Behavior; Biology; Bionomics; Brazil; Caribbean region; Caring; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Colombia; Communities; Country; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Ecology; Ecuador; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Europe; Evaluation; Goals; Government; Guatemala; Haiti; Health; Honduras; Hospitals; Hot Spot; Household; Housing; Immune response; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Institution; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Latin America; Latino; Life; Malaria; Maps; Modeling; Organism; Outcome; Panama; Parasites; Participant; Pathogenesis; Pattern; Peru; Phase; Plasmodium; Population; Prevalence; Prophylactic treatment; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Publications; Quality Control; Questionnaires; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scientist; Self Medication; Sentinel; Site; System; Thick; Training Activity; United States; Work; anthropogenesis; base; clinical epidemiology; community living; data management; design; epidemiology study; experience; follow-up; health care service organization; immunological status; improved; international center; multidisciplinary; operation; programs; quality assurance; surveillance study; transmission process; vector; vector management strategies

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this proposal is the establishment the "Centro Latino Americano de investigacion en Malaria - CLAIM" as a non-Amazonian malaria research center that would generate knowledge and provide technical and scientific support to governments of the partner countries as well as to organizations and health care institutions to further contribute to malaria elimination programs in the regions. CLAIM would initially bring together field sites from Colombia, Peru, Panama and Guatemala, and has plans to further include sites from Ecuador and Honduras and possibly other endemic countries of the Latin American (LA) and the Caribbean such as Haiti. CLAIM will be composed of multiple public and private research centers from the original partner countries, including centers and organizations depending from or associated to the Ministries of Health (MOH) from all participant countries. CLAIM has also involved consultants/collaborators from the Andean Health Organism and/or the US Centers for Disease Control for this ICEMR program. In addition, to the scientists from the partner countries, CLAIM will have the participation of prominent and experienced scientists from other endemic countries such as Ecuador and Brazil, as well as from United State (USA) and Europe. The ICEMR research activities have been divided into three closely inter-related projects as follows: Project 1 on Epidemiology will determine the ecological and epidemiological features in non-Amazonian regions; Project 2 on malaria transmission will address major gaps in our understanding of the ecology, behavior, vector potential, and control of Anopheles malaria vectors to guide the development and implementation of more effective integrated Vector Management (IVM) strategies, and Project 3 on malaria pathogenesis, that it will determine the clinical outcome of malaria infections and its correlation with the immunological status in communities living under different intensifies of malaria transmission in the study region. CLAIM would involve its epidemiology team to closely work with the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) of all partner countries, to locate and track the "hot spots" and to assess the changing epidemiological conditions, identifying the malaria patterns and establishing linkages with environmental and anthropogenic factors or other determinants of malaria transmission. The study team will provide technical assistance for helping NMCPs improve surveillance operations, including quality control and assurance of data with respect to diagnostics. This ICEMR proposal includes training activities for selected junior scientists and groups of researchers/technicians. Special projects will be initiated by Year 3 of the program and will profit to redirect the program and/or involve other countries. A Data Management (DM) Core will coordinate all research protocol, DM, data analyses and publications. All CLAIM activities will be coordinated by Core A under responsibility of Caucaseco SRC. CLAIM will combine the multidisciplinary and integrated approach to enhance the research underpinnings for effective malaria elimination and possibly eradication. Data and findings generated by this Center are expected to provide input critical to inform future research design and evaluation of new interventions and control strategies. RELEVANCE: This is a comprehensive project designed to establish an international Center of Excellence for Malaria Research in Latin America (CLAIM) composed of multiple public and private research centers from the endemic countries, the USA and Europe working jointly to find alternatives for malaria control. Results will facilitate malaria elimination in low malaria endemic settings. PROJECT 1: Title: Epidemiology of Malaria Transmission in Low to Moderate Settings of Latin America Project Leader: Herrera, S. PROJECT 1 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The main objective of Project 1 is to evaluate the diversity of the ecology and parasite populations related to the epidemiology and clinical findings in order to establish a scientific framework that supports the development of new intervention strategies for malaria elimination in non-Amazonian areas of LA. This goal will be approached through the following specific aims: 1) Study the epidemiology of seasonal malaria and their relationship with parasite population diversity and 2) Identification of risk factors associated with malaria transmission in non-Amazonian areas of LA countries. We hypothesize that circulating Plasmodium populations and their dynamics modulate the clinical manifestations and immune responses in the affected populations and that vector bionomics, parasite population diversity, host biology and behavior, household conditions, and local environmental conditions, act simultaneously to determine malaria transmission and risk of infection. The studies proposed for aim 1 are directed to determine the real prevalence and incidence of malaria by considering both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals living in seasonal areas in LA. This investigation includes community based cohort studies (prospective studies), active surveillance using temporal cross-sectional studies, and hospital based passive surveillance studies. The studies will be carried out in 7 endemic areas of Colombia, Peru, Panama and Guatemala, where a total of 21 sentinel sites will be studied. Studies will be carried out in three phases: 1) Our own census of the selected population from sentinel sites where inhabitants will be registered using a demographic questionnaire and houses coordinates using a GPS system; 2) thick smear and PCR for malaria diagnose in selected sentinels sites and random sampling in order to determine asymptomatic gametocytes carriers; 3) clinical follow-up and thick smear of asymptomatic at two sentinel sites (one in Colombia (Tierralta) and one in Peru (Sulluna). For aim 2 we will a) assess the conditions of antimalarial use in communities where malaria is endemic, including adherence, self-medication and prophylaxis; and (b) study the conditions of use of antimalarials in the public and private health institutions including the availability and suitability to care guides. In this ICEMR program, we will establish a network of sentinel sites that will be selected integrating bio-geographic criteria (vector and ecological conditions) and epidemiological information. Sentinel sites will provide baseline information on malaria ecology and epidemiology with the goal of characterizing parasite and vector populations resilient to control interventions. Such network will allow supporting current efforts directed to develop population models to quantify disease dynamics and malaria risk-maps to support MOH elimination activities. RELEVANCE: Identify the relationship between environmental factors, parasite characteristics, household conditions and the malaria prevalence related to the epidemiology and clinical findings.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的总体目标是建立“中美洲拉丁美洲疟疾调查-索赔”，作为一个非亚马逊地区的疟疾研究中心，该中心将为伙伴国家的政府以及组织和卫生保健机构提供知识和技术支持，以进一步促进该地区的疟疾消除计划。CLAIM最初将汇集来自哥伦比亚、秘鲁、巴拿马和危地马拉的现场站点，并计划进一步包括来自厄瓜多尔和洪都拉斯的站点，可能还包括拉丁美洲（LA）和加勒比地区的其他流行国家，如海地。CLAIM将由来自原始伙伴国家的多个公共和私人研究中心组成，包括依赖于或与所有参与国卫生部（MOH）相关的中心和组织。CLAIM还邀请了来自安第斯健康组织和/或美国疾病控制中心的顾问/合作者参与这个ICEMR项目。此外，除了来自伙伴国家的科学家外，CLAIM还将有来自厄瓜多尔和巴西等其他流行国家以及美国和欧洲的杰出和经验丰富的科学家参与。ICEMR的研究活动分为以下三个密切相关的项目：关于流行病学的项目1将确定非亚马逊地区的生态和流行病学特征；关于疟疾传播的项目2将解决我们对疟媒按蚊的生态、行为、媒介潜力和控制的理解方面的主要差距，以指导制定和实施更有效的综合媒介管理（IVM）战略；研究区疟疾传播强度不同的社区中疟疾感染的临床结局及其与免疫状况的相关性。CLAIM将使其流行病学小组与所有伙伴国的国家疟疾控制规划（NMCP）密切合作，定位和跟踪“热点”，评估不断变化的流行病学状况，确定疟疾模式，并建立与环境和人为因素或疟疾传播的其他决定因素的联系。研究小组将提供技术援助，帮助国家预防和控制项目改进监测工作，包括质量控制和诊断数据保证。这项ICEMR提案包括为选定的初级科学家和研究人员/技术人员小组提供培训活动。特殊项目将在项目的第三年启动，并将有利于重新调整项目和/或涉及其他国家。数据管理（DM）核心将协调所有研究方案、DM、数据分析和出版物。所有索赔活动将在Caucaseco SRC负责下由Core A协调。CLAIM将结合多学科和综合方法，以加强有效消除和可能根除疟疾的研究基础。预计该中心产生的数据和发现将为今后的研究设计和评估新的干预措施和控制战略提供重要的信息。