Multi-Source E-Beam kV X-Ray Tube for Image-Guided Radiotherapy

用于图像引导放射治疗的多源电子束 kV X 射线管

• 批准号: 8832656
• 负责人: DOUGLAS P BOYD
• 金额: $ 29.95万
• 依托单位: TELESECURITY SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8832656
• 关键词: Abdomen; Accounting; Address; Algorithms; Am 80; Anodes; Breathing; Chest; Clinical; Collaborations; Collimator; Colon Carcinoma; Development; Dose; Dose-Rate; Electron Beam; Engineering; Ensure; Exposure to; Eye; Financial compensation; Funding; Future; Geometry; Goals; Health; Image; Industry; Lead; Letters; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Methods; Modification; Motion; Normal tissue morphology; Operative Surgical Procedures; Patients; Performance; Phase; Plant Leaves; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Process; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Rectal Cancer; Reporting; Resolution; Risk; Roentgen Rays; Safety; Scanning; Science; Scientist; Security; Series; Shapes; Source; Speed; Spottings; Structure; Surface; System; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Tube; Tungsten; Update; Vendor; Work; arm; authority; base; cancer imaging; commercialization; cone-beam computed tomography; contrast imaging; cost; design; digital; empowered; image guided radiation therapy; imaging system; improved; malignant breast neoplasm; meetings; millimeter; millisecond; novel; operation; programs; prototype; public health relevance; reconstruction; treatment planning; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will lead to the development of an optimized X-ray tube with 19 focal spots that can be placed immediately below and around the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) of a radiotherapy system. By steering a focused electron beam (e-beam) on a series of 19 cooled tungsten targets in sequence, this system will provide a set of projection images that can be reconstructed into a 20 cm 20 cm 20 cm digital tomosynthesis (DTS) volume image that surrounds the radiation target. The projection X-rays are captured by a universal kV-MV imager that can record portal MV images interlaced with the sequence of tomographic kV images. Since the sources are positioned around the perimeter of the MLC, the resulting tomographic cross section images are aligned perpendicular to the axis of the therapy beam. This geometry is referred to as "Beam's Eye View" imaging. The DTS images will be used to provide precise reference coordinates of a tumor surface for programming of the MLC, in near real-time. The preliminary specifications for the system indicate that a repetition rate of1 volume image per second with near 1 mm spatial resolution will be possible. The multi-source e-beam X-ray tube will be developed by substantially the same premier team who developed the original Imatron EBCT scanners and the more recent e-beam luggage scanner. The e-beam team consisting of TeleSecurity Sciences, Inc. scientists, consultants, and vendors has partnered with the premier cone beam CT team at UC Davis along with a key Varian consultant, who are authorities on flat panel X-ray imagers, and in particular the kV-MV imager that will be used in this project to provide simultaneous MV portal imaging with interlaced kV DTS imaging of the tumor position. Phase 1 of the project will extend the preliminary work to more precisely define the final design specifications for a future commercial system that will be appropriate for the entire radiotherapy industry. Phase 2 funding will develop a suitable prototype of the multi-source e- beam X-ray tube which will demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the commercial system. The majority of radiotherapy vendors have provided guidance and letters of support for this project. The commercial implementation of the proposed system in future radiotherapy systems will permit treatment plans that will have far improved localization of radiation exposure within reduced margins beyond the apparent boundaries of a malignant mass with a corresponding reduction in exposure to surrounding normal structures. This will be especially important in treating tumors of the chest and upper abdomen during free breathing where periodic motion in the range of 2 cm to 5 cm is often encountered. [1]

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将导致开发一种优化的X射线管，该X射线管具有19个焦点，可以直接放置在放射治疗系统的多叶准直器（MLC）下方和周围。通过将聚焦电子束（e-beam）依次引导到一系列19个冷却钨靶上，该系统将提供一组投影图像，该投影图像可以重建成围绕辐射靶的20 cm 20 cm 20 cm数字断层合成（Digital Tomosynthesis，简称TOM）体积图像。投影X射线由通用kV-MV成像仪捕获，该成像仪可以记录与断层kV图像序列交错的射野MV图像。由于源被定位在MLC的周边周围，因此所得到的断层扫描横截面图像垂直于治疗射束的轴对准。这种几何形状被称为“束眼视图”成像。MRI图像将用于提供肿瘤表面的精确参考坐标，以便近实时地对MLC进行编程。系统的初步技术指标表明，每秒1个体积图像的重复率和近1 mm的空间分辨率是可能的。多源电子束X射线管将由开发原始Imatron EBCT扫描仪和最近的电子束行李扫描仪的同一个主要团队开发。电子束团队由TeleSecurity Sciences，Inc.科学家、顾问和供应商与加州大学戴维斯分校的顶级锥形束CT团队合作，沿着的还有一位重要的瓦里安顾问，他们是平板X射线成像仪的权威，特别是将在本项目中使用的kV-MV成像仪，以提供肿瘤位置的同步MV射野成像和交错kV MRI成像。该项目的第一阶段将扩展初步工作，以更精确地定义适用于整个放射治疗行业的未来商业系统的最终设计规格。第二阶段的拨款将用于开发一个合适的多源电子束X射线管原型，以证明商业系统的可行性和性能。大多数放射治疗供应商都为该项目提供了指导和支持信。所提出的系统在未来放射治疗系统中的商业实施将允许治疗计划，其将大大改善在恶性肿块的明显边界之外的减小的边缘内的辐射暴露的定位，同时相应地减少对周围正常结构的暴露。这对于在自由呼吸期间治疗胸部和上腹部的肿瘤尤其重要，其中经常遇到2 cm至5 cm范围内的周期性运动。[1]第一章