Multi Source E-Beam kV X-Ray Tube for Image-Guided Radiotheraphy

用于图像引导放射治疗的多源电子束 kV X 射线管

• 批准号: 9750326
• 负责人: DOUGLAS P BOYD
• 金额: $ 21.82万
• 依托单位: IMATREX INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2018-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9750326
• 关键词: Multi; Source; Beam; kV; Ray

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will develop a commercial product that will enable for the first time realtime tumor tracking during radiotherapy at an attractive price point and with minimal interference with standard clinical practice. The key novel technology is an optimized multi-source X-ray tube with 19 focal spots that is placed below the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) of a radiotherapy system as shown below. By steering a focused electron beam (e-beam) on a series of 19 cooled tungsten targets in sequence, this system will provide a set of projection images that can be reconstructed into a 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm digital tomosynthesis (DTS) volume image that surrounds the radiation target. The projection X-rays are captured by a universal kV-MV imager that can record portal MV images interlaced with the sequence of tomographic kV images. Since the sources are positioned around the perimeter of the MLC, the resulting tomographic cross section images are aligned perpendicular to the axis of the therapy beam. This geometry is referred to as "Beam's Eye View" imaging. The DTS images will be used to provide precise reference coordinates of a tumor surface for programming of the MLC, in near real-time. The preliminary specifications for the system indicate that a repetition rate of 2-3 volume images per second with near 1 mm spatial resolution will be possible. The multi-source e-beam X-ray tube will be developed by substantially the same premier team who developed the original Imatron EBCT scanners and the more recent e-beam luggage scanner. The e-beam team consisting of TeleSecurity Sciences, Inc. scientists, consultants, and vendors has partnered with the premier cone beam CT team at UC Davis along with a key Varian consultant, who are authorities on flat panel X-ray imagers, and in particular the Side-view of the TumoTrakTM in a Truebeam gantry kV-MV imager that will be used in this project to provide simultaneous MV portal imaging with interlaced kV DTS imaging of the tumor position. Phase 1 of the project extended the preliminary work to more precisely define the final design specifications for a future commercial system that will be appropriate for the entire radiotherapy industry. Phase 2 funding will develop a suitable prototype of the multi-source eBeam X-ray tube which will demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the commercial system. The majority of radiotherapy vendors have provided guidance and letters of support for this project. The commercial implementation of the proposed system in future radiotherapy systems will permit treatment plans that will have far improved localization of radiation exposure within reduced margins beyond the apparent boundaries of a malignant mass with a corresponding reduction in exposure to surrounding normal structures. This will be especially important in treating tumors of the chest and upper abdomen during free breathing where periodic motion in the range of 2 cm to 5 cm is often encountered.

 描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将开发一种商业产品，该产品将首次以有吸引力的价格点实现放射治疗期间的实时肿瘤跟踪，并且对标准临床实践的干扰最小。关键的新技术是具有 19 个焦点的优化多源 X 射线管，放置在放射治疗系统的多叶准直器 (MLC) 下方，如下图所示。通过按顺序将聚焦电子束 (e-beam) 引导到一系列 19 个冷却钨靶上，该系统将提供一组投影图像，这些图像可以重建为围绕辐射靶的 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm 数字断层合成 (DTS) 体积图像。投影 X 射线由通用 kV-MV 成像仪捕获，该成像仪可​​以记录与层析 kV 图像序列交错的射野 MV 图像。由于源位于 MLC 周边，因此生成的断层扫描横截面图像垂直于治疗光束的轴对齐。这种几何形状被称为“束眼视图”成像。 DTS 图像将用于近乎实时地为 MLC 编程提供肿瘤表面的精确参考坐标。该系统的初步规格表明，每秒 2-3 个体积图像的重复率和接近 1 毫米的空间分辨率将是可能的。 多源电子束 X 射线管将由开发原始 Imatron EBCT 扫描仪和更新的电子束行李扫描仪的一流团队开发。由 TeleSecurity Sciences, Inc. 科学家、顾问和供应商组成的电子束团队与加州大学戴维斯分校的一流锥形束 CT 团队以及瓦里安重要顾问合作，他们是平板 X 射线成像仪的权威，特别是 Truebeam 龙门 kV-MV 成像仪中 TumoTrakTM 的侧视图，该成像仪将在本项目中用于提供同步 MV 门户 肿瘤位置的隔行 kV DTS 成像。该项目的第一阶段扩展了前期工作，以更精确地定义适合整个放射治疗行业的未来商业系统的最终设计规范。第二阶段的资金将开发合适的多源电子束 X 射线管原型，该原型将证明商业系统的可行性和性能。大多数放射治疗供应商都为该项目提供了指导和支持信。所提出的系统在未来放射治疗系统中的商业实施将允许治疗计划，该治疗计划将在超出恶性肿块的明显边界的减少的边缘内大大改善辐射暴露的定位，并相应减少对周围正常结构的暴露。这对于治疗自由呼吸时经常遇到 2 厘米至 5 厘米范围内的周期性运动的胸部和上腹部肿瘤尤其重要。

项目成果

Dosimetry of a novel converging X-ray source for kilovoltage radiotherapy.

• DOI: 10.1002/mp.15167
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: Medical physics
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Stalbaum T;Partain L;Weil MD;Kim J;Han JY;Plies MJ;Chen H;Ziskin V;Bazalova-Carter M;Song S;Rand R;Boyd D
• 通讯作者: Boyd D