Multi Source E-Beam kV X-Ray Tube for Image-Guided Radiotheraphy

用于图像引导放射治疗的多源电子束 kV X 射线管

• 批准号: 9266745
• 负责人: DOUGLAS P BOYD
• 金额: $ 52.69万
• 依托单位: TELESECURITY SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9266745
• 关键词: Abdomen; Breathing; Characteristics; Chest; Clinical; Collimator; Colon Carcinoma; Dose; Electron Beam; Eligibility Determination; Ensure; Evaluation; Exposure to; Eye; Funding; Future; Geometry; Health; Image; Industry; Letters; Linear Accelerator Radiotherapy Systems; Lung Neoplasms; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Motion; Normal tissue morphology; Oncologist; Operative Surgical Procedures; Patients; Performance; Periodicity; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Plant Leaves; Positioning Attribute; Power Sources; Price; Production; Radiation; Radiation exposure; Radiation therapy; Rectal Cancer; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Safety; Scanning; Science; Scientist; Series; Side; Source; Spottings; Structure; Surface; System; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Tube; Tungsten; Update; Vendor; Work; authority; cancer imaging; clinical practice; cone-beam computed tomography; contrast imaging; design; digital; image guided; image guided radiation therapy; imaging system; improved; lung imaging; malignant breast neoplasm; new technology; novel; prototype; public health relevance; temporal measurement; tomosynthesis; treatment planning; tumor; voltage

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will develop a commercial product that will enable for the first time realtime tumor tracking during radiotherapy at an attractive price point and with minimal interference with standard clinical practice. The key novel technology is an optimized multi-source X-ray tube with 19 focal spots that is placed below the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) of a radiotherapy system as shown below. By steering a focused electron beam (e-beam) on a series of 19 cooled tungsten targets in sequence, this system will provide a set of projection images that can be reconstructed into a 20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm digital tomosynthesis (DTS) volume image that surrounds the radiation target. The projection X-rays are captured by a universal kV-MV imager that can record portal MV images interlaced with the sequence of tomographic kV images. Since the sources are positioned around the perimeter of the MLC, the resulting tomographic cross section images are aligned perpendicular to the axis of the therapy beam. This geometry is referred to as "Beam's Eye View" imaging. The DTS images will be used to provide precise reference coordinates of a tumor surface for programming of the MLC, in near real-time. The preliminary specifications for the system indicate that a repetition rate of 2-3 volume images per second with near 1 mm spatial resolution will be possible. The multi-source e-beam X-ray tube will be developed by substantially the same premier team who developed the original Imatron EBCT scanners and the more recent e-beam luggage scanner. The e-beam team consisting of TeleSecurity Sciences, Inc. scientists, consultants, and vendors has partnered with the premier cone beam CT team at UC Davis along with a key Varian consultant, who are authorities on flat panel X-ray imagers, and in particular the Side-view of the TumoTrakTM in a Truebeam gantry kV-MV imager that will be used in this project to provide simultaneous MV portal imaging with interlaced kV DTS imaging of the tumor position. Phase 1 of the project extended the preliminary work to more precisely define the final design specifications for a future commercial system that will be appropriate for the entire radiotherapy industry. Phase 2 funding will develop a suitable prototype of the multi-source eBeam X-ray tube which will demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the commercial system. The majority of radiotherapy vendors have provided guidance and letters of support for this project. The commercial implementation of the proposed system in future radiotherapy systems will permit treatment plans that will have far improved localization of radiation exposure within reduced margins beyond the apparent boundaries of a malignant mass with a corresponding reduction in exposure to surrounding normal structures. This will be especially important in treating tumors of the chest and upper abdomen during free breathing where periodic motion in the range of 2 cm to 5 cm is often encountered.

 描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将开发一种商业产品，该产品将首次以具有吸引力的价格在放射治疗期间实现实时肿瘤跟踪，并且对标准临床实践的干扰最小。关键的新技术是一种优化的多源X射线管，具有19个焦点，放置在放射治疗系统的多叶准直器（MLC）下方，如下图所示。通过将聚焦的电子束（e束）依次引导到一系列19个冷却的钨靶上，该系统将提供一组投影图像，这些图像可以重建成围绕辐射靶的20 cm × 20 cm × 20 cm数字断层合成（CT）体积图像。投影X射线由通用kV-MV成像仪捕获，该成像仪可以记录与断层kV图像序列交错的射野MV图像。由于源被定位在MLC的周边周围，因此所得到的断层扫描横截面图像垂直于治疗射束的轴对准。这种几何形状被称为“束眼视图”成像。MRI图像将用于提供肿瘤表面的精确参考坐标，以便近实时地对MLC进行编程。该系统的初步规格表明，每秒2-3个体积图像的重复率接近1 mm的空间分辨率将是可能的。 多源电子束X射线管将由开发原始Imatron EBCT扫描仪和最近的电子束行李扫描仪的同一个主要团队开发。电子束团队由TeleSecurity Sciences，Inc.科学家、顾问和供应商与加州大学戴维斯分校的顶级锥形束CT团队合作，沿着的还有一位重要的瓦里安顾问，他们是平板X射线成像仪的权威，特别是Truebeam机架kV-MV成像仪中TumoTrakTM的侧视图，该成像仪将用于本项目，以提供肿瘤位置的同步MV射野成像和交错kV MRI成像。该项目的第一阶段扩展了初步工作，以更精确地确定适用于整个放射治疗行业的未来商业系统的最终设计规格。第二阶段的资金将开发一个合适的多源eBeam X射线管原型，以证明商业系统的可行性和性能。大多数放射治疗供应商都为该项目提供了指导和支持信。所提出的系统在未来放射治疗系统中的商业实施将允许治疗计划，其将大大改善在恶性肿块的明显边界之外的减小的边缘内的辐射暴露的定位，同时相应地减少对周围正常结构的暴露。这对于在自由呼吸期间治疗胸部和上腹部的肿瘤尤其重要，其中经常遇到2 cm至5 cm范围内的周期性运动。