HPV and cancer at multiple anatomic sites

多个解剖部位的 HPV 和癌症

• 批准号: 9154222
• 负责人: Aimee Kreimer
• 金额: $ 61.72万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9154222
• 关键词: Address; Anus; Cancer Etiology; Cervical; Cervix Uteri; Cutaneous; Cytology; Data; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Genotype; Goals; HPV-16/18 Vaccine; Head and Neck Cancer; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Human; Human Papillomavirus; Human papilloma virus infection; Human papillomavirus 16; Infection; Infection prevention; Infectious Agent; Larynx; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Multiple Anatomic Sites; Natural History; Oral; Oropharyngeal; Prevalence; Recurrent Malignant Neoplasm; Research; Risk; Role; Site; Skin; Specimen; Testing; Vaccines; Vagina; Vulva; cohort; conjunctiva; malignant mouth neoplasm; men; oral HPV infection; penis; prophylactic; prospective; sample collection; tumor; vaccine efficacy; vaccine trial

Human papillomaviruses are one of the principal infectious agents known to cause cancers in humans; it is estimated that approximately 5% of cancers worldwide are attributable to HPV infection. While it is well established that HPV is a necessary cause of cervical cancer, world experts agree that for HPV16, the most carcinogenic of the HPV genotypes, data show a causal role in cancers outside the cervix, including the vulva, vagina, penis, and anus, and some head and neck tumors in the oropharynx. Other cancers hypothesized to be related to HPV infection, but for which a causal association has yet to be shown, include cancers of the oral cavity, larynx, conjunctiva, and, for cutaneous HPV types, skin. To that end, considerable research within the IIB focuses on the role of HPV infection in cancer at extra-cervical sites. We have many on-going studies whose aims are to:1) evaluate the natural history of HPV infections at non-cervical sites 2) determine the prevalence and biologic activity of HPV infection in tumors from these sites3) assess the prospective association between HPV infection and risk of extra-cervical prevalent, incident, and recurrent cancers 4) evaluate the efficacy of the HPV16/18 prophylactic vaccine against extra-cervical infections

人乳头瘤病毒是已知导致人类癌症的主要传染因子之一；据估计，全世界约有5%的癌症可归因于HPV感染。虽然已经确定HPV是宫颈癌的必要原因，但世界专家一致认为，对于HPV基因型中最具致癌性的HPV16，数据显示它在子宫颈以外的癌症中起因果作用，包括外阴、阴道、阴茎和肛门，以及口咽部的一些头颈部肿瘤。其他癌症假设与HPV感染有关，但其因果关系尚未得到证实，包括口腔癌、喉癌、结膜癌，以及皮肤HPV类型的皮肤癌。为此，IIB内部的大量研究集中在HPV感染在宫颈外部位癌症中的作用。我们有许多正在进行的研究，其目的是：1)评估非宫颈部位HPV感染的自然史；2)确定这些部位肿瘤中HPV感染的患病率和生物活性；3)评估HPV感染与宫颈外肿瘤患病率、发病率和复发风险之间的前瞻性关联；4)评估HPV16/18预防性疫苗对宫颈外感染的疗效