Clk Kinases and Splicing Regulation

Clk 激酶和剪接调节

• 批准号: 8827803
• 负责人: JOSEPH ADAMS
• 金额: $ 29.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2016-09-21
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8827803
• 关键词: 3' Splice Site; Address; Affect; Alternative Splicing; Alzheimer' s Disease; Applications Grants; Arginine; Ataxia; Biological Assay; Biological Process; C-terminal; Cells; Data; Development; Dipeptides; Disease; Docking; Enzymes; Event; Excision; Family; Genes; Genome; Genomics; Growth and Development function; Investigation; Length; Link; Macromolecular Complexes; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Mental disorders; Messenger RNA; Metabolic Diseases; Modeling; Muscular Dystrophies; N-terminal; Names; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Nuclear; Nuclear Protein; Parkinsonian Disorders; Pattern; Phosphorylation; Phosphotransferases; Play; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Processed Genes; Proline; Protein Kinase; Protein Splicing; Proteins; Proteome; RNA; RNA Splicing; Regulation; Reporter Genes; Role; STY kinase; Sea; Series; Serine; Site; Source; Specificity; Spliced Genes; Spliceosomes; Structure; Substrate Domain; Substrate Specificity; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; acrosome stabilizing factor; base; human disease; inorganic phosphate; novel; protein function; prototype; seryl-proline

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the proper selection of splice sites is essential for genomic diversity, adaptive growth and development, errors in splicing can have enormous detrimental effects on function and are now recognized as the underlying cause for many human diseases. Indeed, splicing errors are associated with muscular dystrophy, Alzheimer's disease, parkinsonism, psychiatric disorders, ataxias and cancers making the study of factors that control splice-site selection vitally important for human disease. Splicing occurs at the spliceosome, a macromolecular complex composed of several RNAs and numerous proteins. Critical to normal gene splicing is the proper selection of the 5' and 3' splice sites, events that occur early in the development of the spliceosome and whose specificity is guided by an essential family of splicing factors known as SR proteins. The phosphorylation states of SR proteins directly impact their subcellular localization and splicing activities but our understandig of how these different forms are attained is, at best, incomplete. SR protein nuclear entry and splicing function are driven by a basal level of phosphorylation (hypo-phosphorylation) catalyzed by the SRPK family of protein kinases. However, this simple paradigm of one kinase-one substrate is now being challenged as a second protein kinase family has emerged as critical SR protein regulators. The Clk family of kinases can increase SR protein phosphoryl content to a greater extent than the SRPKs, generating hyper-phosphorylated forms that are largely uncharacterized at both structural and functional levels. While they differ substantially from the SRPKs in several ways, most importantly, Clk kinases possess an additional noncatalytic domain that we showed recently is responsible for its unique hyper-phosphorylating activity. Despite its significance in controlling SR protein function and splicing, little is known about the Clk enzymes. Using novel phosphate mapping and structural techniques combined with cell-based assays, we will investigate how the Clk kinases hyper-phosphorylate SR proteins and modulate splicing.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然剪接位点的正确选择对于基因组多样性、适应性生长和发育至关重要，但剪接错误可能对功能产生巨大的有害影响，并且现在被认为是许多人类疾病的根本原因。事实上，剪接错误与肌肉萎缩症、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、精神疾病、共济失调和癌症有关，这使得控制剪接位点选择的因素的研究对于人类疾病至关重要。剪接发生在剪接体处，剪接体是由多种 RNA 和大量蛋白质组成的大分子复合物。正常基因剪接的关键是正确选择 5' 和 3' 剪接位点， 发生在剪接体发育的早期，其特异性由称为 SR 蛋白的重要剪接因子家族引导。 SR 蛋白的磷酸化状态直接影响其亚细胞定位和剪接活性，但我们对如何获得这些不同形式的理解充其量是不完整的。 SR 蛋白入核和剪接功能由 SRPK 蛋白激酶家族催化的基础磷酸化水平（低磷酸化）驱动。然而，这种简单的一种激酶-一种底物范例现在正受到挑战，因为第二个蛋白激酶家族已成为关键的 SR 蛋白调节剂。 Clk 激酶家族可以比 SRPK 更大程度地增加 SR 蛋白磷酰基含量，从而产生在结构和功能水平上很大程度上未表征的过度磷酸化形式。虽然它们在几个方面与 SRPK 有很大不同，但最重要的是，Clk 激酶拥有一个额外的非催化结构域，我们最近证明该结构域是其独特的过度磷酸化活性的原因。尽管它在控制 SR 蛋白功能和剪接方面具有重要意义，但人们对它知之甚少。 Clk酶。使用新型磷酸图谱和结构技术与基于细胞的测定相结合，我们将研究 Clk 激酶如何过度磷酸化 SR 蛋白并调节剪接。