Brain Systems Underlying Episodic Memory for Social Stimuli in Childhood Autism

儿童自闭症社交刺激情景记忆背后的大脑系统

• 批准号: 9014567
• 负责人: Shaozheng Qin
• 金额: $ 12.31万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9014567
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Algorithms; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Autistic Disorder; Award; Base of the Brain; Brain; Brain imaging; Cereals; Child; Childhood; Classification; Clinical; Clinical Psychology; Clinical assessments; Cognitive; Data; Development; Development Plans; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Early Intervention; Episodic memory; Etiology; Event; Face; Gender; Goals; Grant; Health; Hippocampus (Brain); Imaging Techniques; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Link; Machine Learning; Measures; Medial; Memory; Memory impairment; Mentors; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurosciences; Onset of illness; Outcome; Parietal; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychiatry; Public Health; Quality of life; Remedial Teaching; Research; Research Personnel; Retrieval; Sensory; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Stimulus; System; Training; Training and Education; United States National Institutes of Health; Visuospatial; Work; aged; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavioral study; bridge program; career development; clinical predictors; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive system; early onset; experience; follow-up; fusiform face area; improved; information processing; innovation; insight; memory consolidation; memory encoding; memory process; memory retention; memory retrieval; neocortical; neural correlate; neuropsychological; novel; relating to nervous system; remediation; skills; social; social communication; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application for an NIH Pathway to Independence PI Award (K99/R00), entitled "Brain systems underlying episodic memory for social stimuli in childhood autism". The overall goal of the proposed research is to understand the neural basis of aberrant episodic memory for social stimuli in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by life-long deficits in social interactions. Impaired episodic memory for events of social relevance has also been commonly seen in individuals with ASD and such impairments can be highly detrimental to successful social interactions and the formation of long-term social relationships. Understanding aberrant episodic memory, particularly as it pertains to social stimuli, has the potential to provie new insights into the nature and etiology of the disorder. The candidate will use state-of-the-art functional and diffusion tensor brain imaging in conjunction with novel memory paradigms and multivariate methods to compare the neural correlates of episodic memory for social and nonsocial stimuli in children with ASD and typically developing children matched on age, gender and IQ. Memory encoding, retrieval and consolidation processes will be examined. The Specific Aims are: (1) To investigate atypical brain systems underlying episodic memory encoding and retrieval for social stimuli in children with ASD (K99 phase); (2) To investigate atypical brain connectivity underlying episodic memory encoding and retrieval in children with ASD (K99 and R00 phases); (3) To investigate atypical brain systems and connectivity underlying episodic memory consolidation (i.e., long-term retention of memories for social stimuli after several days) in children with ASD, and to determine which memory processes and brain measures are the most reliable predictors of clinical and neuropsychological assessments of memory functioning and social deficits in children with ASD (R00 phase). Findings from this research will advance our understanding of the brain basis of episodic memory dysfunction and its contribution to social deficits in ASD. This knowledge will inform early intervention and remedial education in children with ASD. The candidate will undergo a rigorous education, training, and career development plan in the K99 phase to increase expertise in clinical aspects of ASD research, and multivariate pattern classification analysis of functional brain imaging data in conjunction with structural diffusion tensor imaging. The candidate will be mentored and trained by leading experts in clinical psychology, psychiatry, developmental and cognitive neuroscience, and will gain critical experience in clinical assessments necessary for successfully working with children with ASD. This knowledge and skills during the K99 phase will enable the candidate to become an independent investigator and accomplish the follow-up innovative studies in the R00 phase. Accomplishing the proposed research in the two phases will allow the candidate to launch a rigorous research program by bridging clinical and cognitive neuroscience, and autism research, leading to a competitive NIH R01 grant.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是NIH独立PI奖（K99/R 00）的申请，题为“儿童自闭症社会刺激的情景记忆的脑系统”。这项研究的总体目标是了解自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童对社会刺激的异常情景记忆的神经基础。ASD是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是终身缺乏社会交往。对社会相关事件的情景记忆受损也常见于ASD患者，这种损伤可能对成功的社会互动和长期社会关系的形成非常有害。了解异常情景记忆，特别是当它涉及到社会刺激，有可能提供新的见解的性质和病因的障碍。候选人将使用最先进的功能和弥散张量脑成像结合新的记忆范式和多变量方法，比较ASD儿童和年龄，性别和智商匹配的典型发育儿童的社会和非社会刺激的情景记忆的神经相关性。记忆编码，检索和巩固过程将被检查。具体目标是：（1）研究ASD儿童（K99期）对社会刺激的情景记忆编码和提取的非典型脑系统;（2）研究ASD儿童（K99和R 00期）情景记忆编码和提取的非典型脑连接;（3）研究情景记忆巩固（即，几天后对社交刺激的记忆长期保留），并确定哪些记忆过程和大脑测量是ASD儿童记忆功能和社交缺陷的临床和神经心理学评估的最可靠预测因素（R 00阶段）。这项研究的结果将促进我们对情节记忆功能障碍的大脑基础及其对ASD社交缺陷的贡献的理解。这些知识将为ASD儿童的早期干预和补救教育提供信息。候选人将在K99阶段接受严格的教育，培训和职业发展计划，以增加ASD研究临床方面的专业知识，以及功能性脑成像数据的多变量模式分类分析与结构弥散张量成像。候选人将由临床心理学，精神病学，发展和认知神经科学方面的领先专家指导和培训，并将获得成功与ASD儿童合作所需的临床评估方面的关键经验。K99阶段的知识和技能将使候选人成为独立的研究者，并完成R 00阶段的后续创新研究。在两个阶段完成拟议的研究将使候选人能够通过桥接临床和认知神经科学以及自闭症研究来启动严格的研究计划，从而获得具有竞争力的NIH R 01资助。