Developing a Measure of Illness Perception for Dental Use in Older Adults

制定老年人牙科使用疾病认知的衡量标准

• 批准号: 9029314
• 负责人: Suchitra S. Nelson
• 金额: $ 20.5万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9029314
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Affect; Aging; Assessment tool; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral trial; Cardiovascular system; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Dental; Dental Care; Dental Insurance; Dental caries; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Disease; Disease Outcome; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elderly; Emotional; Factor Analysis; Failure; Funding; Future; Geriatric Dentistry; Gerontology; Health; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Health education; Housing; Informal Social Control; Information Systems; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; Knowledge; Language; Life; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Medical; Medicine; Mental Depression; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Mouth Diseases; Nature; Oral; Oral health; Outcome; Paper; Pathway interactions; Patient Outcomes Assessments; Perception; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Persons; Phase; Population; Property; Psychometrics; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Readability; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Respondent; Risk Assessment; Root Caries; Sampling; Scotland; Self Management; Self-Administered; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Data Interpretation; Structure; Testing; Tooth structure; United States National Institutes of Health; Validity and Reliability; Work; aged; base; cardiovascular health; care seeking; causal model; coping; craniofacial; empowered; experience; health belief; illness perceptions; improved; instrument; novel strategies; physical conditioning; response; screening; self help; skills; social; socioeconomics; sound; standardize measure; success; theories; therapy design

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many older adults believe that the ravages of oral disease are an inevitable consequence of aging. Further, barriers to care limit access to self-help knowledge and the failure to seek care exacerbates the problems that develop. A major gap is the lack of a measure that captures the concept of older adult's cognitive and emotional representation (perception) of oral diseases. Such a measure can be an effective mediator in causal studies and its domains can be targeted for interventions. The concept is based on Leventhal's Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM). Emerging research in medicine shows the effectiveness of interventions based on the concept. Our group has previously developed a standardized measure of illness perception of dental caries in childhood based on the CSM framework. In the proposed study, we will use our experience to develop a new measure for older adults who have single and multiple oral diseases. The proposed work will utilize constructs from prior measures found to be valuable in the medical field, i.e. the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) and the Multimorbidity Illness Perception Scale (MULTIPLeS). Such an integrated measure does not exist for either dental or medical diseases. The following aims will be investigated using mixed methods: 1) examine the factor structure of the new Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire for Dental use (IPQ-RDE) in older adults; 2) test the psychometric properties of the IPQ-RDE in terms of validity and reliability; and 3) establish the mode of delivery (in-person interview vs. paper-pencil). The study will be conducted in two phases: Phase I will be a qualitative approach with cognitive interviews of 20 older adults (= 62 years) to refine the IPQ-RDE, focusing on clarity, content, readability, and response options of the items; Phase II will be quantitative methods to assess psychometric properties of the IPQ-RDE in 200 older adults, and assure the comparability of interview and paper-pencil mode of the instrument in a smaller sub-sample. Validity assessments will include: Construct to validate the domains of the IPQ-RDE with coping, social support, and depression measures; Concurrent to validate with clinical oral health outcomes (caries, root caries, periodontal disease) from dental screening, and the perceived condition of teeth; Discriminant to distinguish according to socioeconomic status, medical/physical conditions, and oral health behaviors; and Predictive the ability of IPQ-RDE to predict geriatric oral health related quality o life. Statistical analysis will include confirmatory factor analysis for examining factor structure correlations, regressions, and t-tests for validity, and Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlatio coefficient for reliability. Behavioral interventions have not been studied that incorporate both the cognitive and emotional domains to improve older adult's oral health behavior, disease outcomes, and quality of life. This new measure of illness perception will address this need and become an important resource for oral health researchers.

 描述（由申请人提供）：许多老年人认为口腔疾病的肆虐是衰老的不可避免的结果。此外，护理方面的障碍限制了获得自助知识的机会，而未能寻求护理则加剧了所出现的问题。一个主要差距是缺乏一种衡量老年人对口腔疾病的认知和情感表征（感知）概念的措施。这种措施可以成为因果研究中的有效中介，并且可以针对其领域进行干预。该概念基于 Leventhal 的自我调节常识模型 (CSM)。新兴的医学研究表明了基于这一概念的干预措施的有效性。我们的小组之前基于 CSM 框架开发了一种标准化的儿童龋齿疾病认知测量方法。在拟议的研究中，我们将利用我们的经验为患有单一和多种口腔疾病的老年人制定一种新措施。拟议的工作将利用在医学领域发现有价值的先前措施的构造，即修订的疾病感知问卷（IPQ-R）和多病态疾病感知量表（MULTIPLeS）。对于牙科或内科疾病来说，这样的综合措施并不存在。将使用混合方法研究以下目标：1）检查新修订的老年人牙科使用疾病感知问卷（IPQ-RDE）的因素结构； 2）测试IPQ-RDE的心理测量特性的有效性和可靠性； 3) 确定交付方式（面对面采访与纸笔采访）。该研究将分两个阶段进行：第一阶段将采用定性方法，对 20 名老年人（= 62 岁）进行认知访谈，以完善 IPQ-RDE，重点关注项目的清晰度、内容、可读性和回答选项；第二阶段将采用定量方法评估 200 名老年人的 IPQ-RDE 心理测量特性，并确保该工具在较小子样本中访谈和纸笔模式的可比性。有效性评估将包括： 通过应对、社会支持和抑郁措施来验证 IPQ-RDE 的领域；同时验证牙科筛查的临床口腔健康结果（龋齿、根龋、牙周病）以及感知的牙齿状况；具有判别性，可以根据社会经济地位、医疗/身体状况、口腔健康行为等进行区分；预测 IPQ-RDE 预测老年人口腔健康相关生活质量的能力。统计分析将包括用于检查因子结构相关性的验证性因子分析、回归和有效性的 t 检验，以及用于可靠性的 Cronbach α 和组内相关系数。尚未研究将认知和情感领域结合起来的行为干预措施，以改善老年人的口腔健康行为、疾病结果和生活质量。这种新的疾病认知测量方法将满足这一需求，并成为口腔健康研究人员的重要资源。