Bilingualism and Resilience in Latino Youth

拉丁裔青年的双语能力和适应能力

• 批准号: 9093231
• 负责人: Erin M. Rodriguez
• 金额: $ 7.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9093231
• 关键词: 13 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Age of Onset; Attention; Child; Communities; Coping Skills; Development; Developmental Process; Due Process; Early Intervention; Early identification; Effectiveness; Equilibrium; Family; Goals; Health; Indigenous; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Latino; Lead; Life; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mental Health Services; Neurocognitive; Outcome; Outpatients; Parents; Pathway interactions; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Population Programs; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Site; Stress; Suicide attempt; Teenagers; Testing; Underserved Population; Vocabulary; Youth; bilingualism; coping; critical period; depressive symptoms; disparity reduction; early adolescence; executive function; experience; high risk; improved; low socioeconomic status; prevent; programs; prospective; public health relevance; resilience; skills; suicidal; suicidal behavior; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Latino adolescents have among the highest rates of functionally impairing depressive symptoms, including the highest rates of suicidal behavior. A significant and growing percentage of Latino youth live in poverty, which further increases their risk for depressive symptoms. Although coping skills programs have proven beneficial for preventing or reducing risk for depressive symptoms, low-socioeconomic status (low-SES) Latino youth have among the lowest rates of utilization of conventional mental health services, greatly limiting the effectiveness of these coping programs for this population. Thus, these youth could benefit from alternative approaches to prevention and intervention. A key first step in improving prevention efforts involves the identification of indigenous, accessible, and culturally acceptable processes that support coping and reduce risk for depressive symptoms. Bilingual language development is one such factor that is highly prevalent, but occurs at varying levels of exposure, usage, and proficiency, in low-SES Latino youth. Bilingualism supports the development of executive function (EF), and higher EF has been linked to more adaptive coping and lower levels of depressive symptoms. However, no research has examined associations between bilingualism and depressive symptoms in Latino youth. Therefore, the purpose of the current R03 is to examine the link between degree of bilingualism and the development of depressive symptoms, as well as the potential mediators (EF and coping) of this link, in a sample of low-SES Latino adolescents. We will assess degree of bilingualism, EF, coping and depressive symptoms at baseline and 12 months later in 80 bilingual Latino youth ages 10-13 years old. We focus on this age range because levels of depressive symptoms spike by middle adolescence, making early adolescence a crucial period for prevention and early intervention. Assessments will include youth and parent reports of all variables as well as testing of youth language proficiency and EF. The Specific Aims of the proposed project are to 1) determine the prospective association between degree of bilingualism and development of depressive symptoms over one year in low-SES Latino youth, and 2) assess executive function and coping as potential mediators of the association between bilingualism and development of depressive symptoms over one year. The successful completion of this project will lead to a multi-wave, multi-site R01 proposal to identify pathways from bilingual language development to mental health outcomes in a diverse population of youth. The long-term goal of this line of research is to reduce disparities in depressive symptoms and their health consequences affecting low-SES Latino adolescents and similar high-risk, underserved youth populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：拉丁美洲青少年的功能损害抑郁症状的发生率最高，包括自杀行为的发生率最高。越来越多的拉丁裔青年生活在贫困中，这进一步增加了他们患抑郁症的风险。虽然应对技能计划已被证明有利于预防或减少抑郁症状的风险，低社会经济地位（低SES）的拉丁美洲青年有最低的利用率的传统精神卫生服务，大大限制了这些应对方案的有效性，这一人群。因此，这些青年可以受益于预防和干预的替代办法。改善预防工作的关键第一步是确定土著、可获得和文化上可接受的过程，这些过程支持应对和减少抑郁症状的风险。双语语言发展是一个非常普遍的因素，但在不同程度的暴露，使用和熟练程度，在低SES拉丁美洲青年发生。双语支持执行功能（EF）的发展，更高的EF与更适应的应对和更低的抑郁症状水平有关。然而，没有研究探讨拉丁美洲青年的双语和抑郁症状之间的关联。因此，目前的R 03的目的是检查双语程度和抑郁症状的发展之间的联系，以及这种联系的潜在介质（EF和应对），在低SES拉丁裔青少年的样本。我们将评估80名10-13岁的双语拉丁裔青年在基线和12个月后的双语程度、EF、应对和抑郁症状。我们关注这个年龄段，因为抑郁症状的水平在青春期中期达到高峰，使青春期早期成为预防和早期干预的关键时期。评估将包括所有变量的青少年和家长报告以及青少年语言能力和EF测试。拟议项目的具体目标是：1）确定双语程度与低SES拉丁裔青年一年以上抑郁症状发展之间的前瞻性关联，2）评估执行功能和应对作为双语与一年以上抑郁症状发展之间关联的潜在中介。该项目的成功完成将导致多波，多站点R 01提案，以确定从双语语言发展到不同青年人群心理健康结果的途径。这项研究的长期目标是减少抑郁症状及其健康后果的差异，影响低SES拉丁美洲青少年和类似的高风险，服务不足的青年人口。