Exposure heterogeneity & environmental transmission dynamics of Escherichia coli

曝光异质性

• 批准号: 9036530
• 负责人: Cristina Lanzas
• 金额: $ 42.16万
• 依托单位: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9036530
• 关键词: Animals; Antimicrobial Resistance; Behavior; Biological Models; Cattle; Complex; Computer Simulation; Data; Dependency; Dose; Enteral; Environment; Escherichia coli; Heterogeneity; Individual; Infection; Information Systems; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Lead; Modeling; Monitor; Movement; Pattern; Pharmacologic Substance; Population; Process; Production; Research; Resolution; Source; Structure; System; Variant; base; disease transmission; disorder control; enteric pathogen; field study; foodborne; life history; mathematical model; pathogen; pathogen exposure; public health relevance; trait; transmission process

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Host behavior and pathogen-specific life history generate complex patterns of pathogen exposure that drive transmission heterogeneity. Our overreaching hypothesis is that variation in pathogen exposure leads to important heterogeneities in infection traits and transmission that can be exploited for control purposes. The project will integrate data generated in a natural infection model system (Escherichia coli - cattle) through experimental challenge studies, field transmission studies, and animal movement monitoring systems with mathematical models. The specific aims are to (1) Characterize sources of heterogeneity for enteric disease transmission in cattle production systems: Data will be collected on the variation in pathogen dynamics in the host-associated environments, the contact structure among hosts, between host and specific environments, and the dose dependency of infection traits. (2) Develop a modeling framework to integrate and investigate the sources of heterogeneity for enteric pathogens for disease transmission. Individual-based and meal-field models will be developed to investigate the effect of the contact structure and variation of the exposure on population transmission patterns. Models will be parameterized and validated using data collected in longitudinal field studies. (3) Assessment of the implications of exposure heterogeneity in enteric disease control. The developed models will be used to investigate and identify intervention strategies that could lead to reduction in transmission. The proposed research will advance the understanding of the transmission of enteric pathogens by developing and analyzing models that are well-grounded in the processes associated with transmission and tightly connected to collected unique high-resolution, longitudinal data on host-host and host-environment contacts, extra-host dynamics of pathogens, and pathogen transfer. Overall this project will generate a broader understanding of the interaction between sources of heterogeneity on disease transmission and how to incorporate these sources of heterogeneity in different mathematical and computational models that is relevant to investigate ecological factors influencing disease transmission and generalizable to other host-pathogen systems.

 描述（由申请人提供）：宿主行为和病原体特异性生活史产生了复杂的病原体暴露模式，导致传播异质性。我们的过度假设是，病原体暴露的变化导致感染性状和传播的重要异质性，可用于控制目的。该项目将通过实验挑战研究、现场传播研究和动物运动监测系统与数学模型整合自然感染模型系统（大肠杆菌-牛）中生成的数据。具体目标是（1）表征牛生产系统中肠道疾病传播的异质性来源：将收集关于宿主相关环境中病原体动态变化、宿主之间、宿主与特定环境之间的接触结构以及感染性状的剂量依赖性的数据。(2)开发一个模型框架，以整合和调查疾病传播的肠道病原体的异质性来源。将开发基于个人的模型和餐场模型，以调查接触结构和暴露变化对人群传播模式的影响。将使用纵向实地研究中收集的数据对模型进行参数化和验证。(3)对《公约》所涉问题的评估 肠道疾病控制中的暴露异质性。开发的模型将用于调查和确定可能导致减少传播的干预策略。拟议的研究将通过开发和分析模型来促进对肠道病原体传播的理解，这些模型在与传播相关的过程中有很好的基础，并与收集的关于宿主-宿主和宿主-环境接触，病原体的宿主外动态和病原体转移的独特高分辨率纵向数据紧密相连。总体而言，该项目将更广泛地了解疾病传播的异质性来源之间的相互作用，以及如何将这些异质性来源纳入不同的数学和计算模型中，这些模型与研究影响疾病传播的生态因素相关，并可推广到其他宿主-病原体系统。