The Impact of Waterpipe Tobacco Flavors on Waterpipe Smoking Intentions, Perceptions, Patterns, and Toxicant Exposure

水烟烟草口味对水烟吸烟意图、感知、模式和有毒物质暴露的影响

• 批准号: 9348604
• 负责人: Theodore Lee Wagener
• 金额: $ 11.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-15 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9348604
• 关键词: Abstinence; Acute; Address; Adult; Air; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Benzene; Breathing; Candy; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Charcoal; Cigarette; Crossover Design; Dependence; Development; Dose; Exposure to; Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; Flavoring; Foundations; Frequencies; Fruit; Health; Heating; Heavy Metals; Hour; Internet; Investigation; Knowledge; Lung diseases; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Measures; Menthol; Methods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Palate; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Pharmacology; Plasma; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Reporting; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Savory; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Surgeon; Sweetening Agents; Tars; Taste Perception; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Toxicant exposure; Travel; Water; Youth; base; cigarette smoking; experience; hookah; improved; innovation; novel; respiratory; satisfaction; smoke inhalation; toxicant; uptake; willingness; young adult

Abstract: Waterpipe smoking in the US is on the rise and beginning to overtake cigarettes as the most popular method of tobacco use among young adults. Unfortunately, waterpipe smoking is associated with many of the same negative health outcomes as cigarette use such as cancer, lung disease, respiratory illness, and cardiovascular disease. A potential reason for the appeal of waterpipe tobacco is that it is almost exclusively flavored with both sweeteners and additional fruit, candy, savory and dessert flavorings. The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act which banned flavors, except menthol, from cigarettes due to scientific evidence indicating that flavors increased youth initiation and maintained use among adults, does not currently apply to waterpipe tobacco. As a result, waterpipe tobacco is currently unregulated and comes in hundreds of flavors. In order to regulate waterpipe tobacco effectively, the FDA requires clear scientific evidence to support regulations. To date, no study has experimentally and systematically investigated the impact of waterpipe tobacco flavors on waterpipe initiation, smoking behaviors, abuse liability, or resultant exposure to tobacco- related toxicants. The proposed study will provide this needed scientific evidence. Using a randomized crossover-design, 60 current waterpipe smokers (30 low dependent, 30 high dependent) will complete three counterbalanced waterpipe smoking sessions with three differently flavored tobacco (preferred flavor- sweetened, unflavored-sweetened, unflavored-very low sweetened) that are preceded by 12 hours of tobacco/nicotine abstinence. Sessions will be separated by a standard 48-hour washout period, and waterpipe tobacco nicotine levels will be held constant across sessions. Measures of smoking behavior (puff topography) and acute toxicant exposure (CO boost and plasma nicotine) will be collected, in addition to self-report measures of abuse liability, intentions for continued use, and importance of flavors for using waterpipe. If flavorings are determined to influence users to initially try waterpipe, increase their willingness to continue to use the product, and/or make it more palatable to puff more frequently or take longer/deeper puffs, then flavors would be contributing to the initiation and maintenance of waterpipe dependence. This innovative study in its systematic examination of the impact of waterpipe flavors, will provide the scientific foundation the FDA and other agencies need to establish effective regulatory strategies for the manufacture, distribution, and marketing of waterpipe tobacco.

抽象的： 在美国，吸水烟的人数呈上升趋势，并开始取代香烟成为最流行的吸烟方式。 年轻人中的烟草使用。不幸的是，吸水烟与许多相同的症状有关。 使用香烟对健康产生负面影响，例如癌症、肺病、呼吸道疾病和 心血管疾病。水烟烟草有吸引力的一个潜在原因是它几乎完全是 用甜味剂和其他水果、糖果、咸味和甜点调味剂调味。家庭吸烟 《预防和烟草控制法》禁止卷烟中含有除薄荷醇以外的香料，原因是科学依据 有证据表明，口味增加了年轻人的使用兴趣并在成年人中持续使用，但目前并没有 适用于水烟烟草。因此，水烟烟草目前不受管制，有数百种 口味。为了有效监管水烟，FDA 需要明确的科学证据来支持 法规。迄今为止，还没有研究通过实验和系统研究水烟的影响 烟草口味对水烟吸食、吸烟行为、滥用倾向或由此导致的烟草接触的影响 相关毒物。拟议的研究将提供所需的科学证据。使用随机 交叉设计，60 个当前水烟吸烟者（30 个低依赖性，30 个高依赖性）将完成三个 使用三种不同口味的烟草（首选口味- 甜的、无味的-甜的、无味的-极低甜），之后是 12 小时 烟草/尼古丁戒断。会议将被标准的 48 小时清洗期分开，并且水烟 烟草尼古丁水平在会议期间将保持不变。吸烟行为的测量（吸烟形态） 除了自我报告之外，还将收集急性毒物暴露（CO 刺激和血浆尼古丁） 滥用倾向的衡量标准、继续使用的意图以及使用水烟时香料的重要性。如果 调味料旨在影响用户初次尝试水烟，增加他们继续使用的意愿 使用该产品，和/或使其更可口，更频繁地泡芙或花更长/更深的泡芙，然后调味 将有助于产生和维持水烟依赖。这项创新研究在其 系统检查水烟口味的影响，将为 FDA 和 其他机构需要为制造、分销和营销制定有效的监管策略 水烟烟草。